Aschersleben G, Prinz W
Max-Planck-Institut für psychologische Forschung, München, Germany.
Percept Psychophys. 1995 Apr;57(3):305-17. doi: 10.3758/bf03213056.
Tasks requiring the subject to tap in synchrony to a regular sequence of stimulus events (e.g., clicks) usually elicit a response pattern in which the tap precedes the click by about 30-50 msec. This "negative asynchrony" was examined, first, by instructing subjects to use different effectors for tapping (hand vs. foot; Experiments 1 and 2), and second, by administering extrinsic auditory feedback in addition to the intrinsic tactile/kinesthetic feedback (Experiment 2). Experiment 3 controlled whether the results observed in Experiment 2 were due to purely sensory factors within the auditory modality. Results suggest that taps are synchronized with clicks at the central level by superimposing two sensory codes in time: the tactile/kinesthetic code that represents the tap (the afferent movement code) and the auditory code that represents the click (the afferent code that results from the guiding signal). Because the processing times involved in code generation are different for these two central codes, the tap has to lead over the click.
要求受试者与一系列有规律的刺激事件（如点击声）同步轻敲的任务，通常会引发一种反应模式，即轻敲比点击提前约30 - 50毫秒。首先，通过指示受试者使用不同的效应器进行轻敲（手与脚；实验1和2），其次，除了内在的触觉/动觉反馈外，还给予外在听觉反馈（实验2），对这种“负异步性”进行了研究。实验3控制了实验2中观察到的结果是否纯粹是由于听觉模态内的感觉因素所致。结果表明，通过在时间上叠加两种感觉编码，轻敲在中枢水平上与点击同步：代表轻敲的触觉/动觉编码（传入运动编码）和代表点击的听觉编码（由引导信号产生的传入编码）。由于这两种中枢编码在生成编码时所涉及的处理时间不同，所以轻敲必须领先于点击。
