Vessey M P, Painter R
University Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK.
Br J Cancer. 1995 Jun;71(6):1340-2. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1995.260.
Many case-control studies have shown that oral contraceptives protect against endometrial cancer and epithelial ovarian cancer, but little information is available from cohort studies. The findings from the Oxford Family Planning Association contraceptive study are reported here; the relative risks for ever users of oral contraceptives in comparison with never users were 0.1 (95% confidence interval 0.0-0.7) for endometrial cancer and 0.4 (95% confidence interval 0.2-0.8) for ovarian cancer. There was a strong negative relationship between duration of oral contraceptive use and ovarian cancer risk. Thus, in comparison with never users of oral contraceptives, the relative risk for users of up to 48 months' duration was 1.0 (95% confidence interval 0.4-2.5), while the relative risk for users of 97 months' duration or more was only 0.3 (95% confidence interval 0.1-0.7).
许多病例对照研究表明，口服避孕药可预防子宫内膜癌和上皮性卵巢癌，但队列研究提供的信息较少。本文报告了牛津计划生育协会避孕药研究的结果；口服避孕药使用者与从未使用者相比，患子宫内膜癌的相对风险为0.1（95%置信区间0.0 - 0.7），患卵巢癌的相对风险为0.4（95%置信区间0.2 - 0.8）。口服避孕药的使用时长与卵巢癌风险之间存在强烈的负相关关系。因此，与从未使用过口服避孕药的人相比，使用时长不超过48个月的使用者的相对风险为1.0（95%置信区间0.4 - 2.5），而使用时长在97个月及以上的使用者的相对风险仅为0.3（95%置信区间0.1 - 0.7）。
