Miller R S
Division of Psychology and Philosophy, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341-2447, USA.
J Pers. 1995 Jun;63(2):315-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1995.tb00812.x.
In this study, the correlates of embarrassability, or chronic susceptibility to embarrassment, were examined. Competing theoretical models suggest either that embarrassable people should be especially concerned about others' evaluations of them or that they should lack social skills. Further, shyness and embarrassment are typically considered to be closely related states. To test these propositions, 310 participants provided extensive self-reports of social skill, fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem, self-consciousness, and negative affectivity. Regression and factor analyses indicated that, compared to those of low embarrassability, highly embarrassable people are particularly concerned with the normative appropriateness of behavior and are more motivated to avoid rejection from others. In contrast, shyness was best predicted by low social self-confidence and low social skill. The data best support a social-evaluation model of embarrassment and argue that embarrassability is linked to the appropriateness of social behavior, and shyness to its effectiveness.
在本研究中，对易尴尬性或长期易尴尬倾向的相关因素进行了考察。相互竞争的理论模型表明，易尴尬的人要么应该特别在意他人对自己的评价，要么应该缺乏社交技能。此外，害羞和尴尬通常被认为是密切相关的状态。为了检验这些观点，310名参与者提供了关于社交技能、对负面评价的恐惧、自尊、自我意识和负面情感的详尽自我报告。回归分析和因子分析表明，与不易尴尬的人相比，极易尴尬的人尤其关注行为的规范适当性，并且更有动力避免被他人拒绝。相比之下，社交自信心低和社交技能差最能预测害羞程度。数据最有力地支持了尴尬的社会评价模型，并表明易尴尬性与社会行为的适当性相关，而害羞与社会行为的有效性相关。
