Easton B
Economic And Social Trust On New Zealand, Wellington.
Aust J Public Health. 1995 Apr;19(2):125-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.1995.tb00360.x.
New Zealand may well be unique in that in the 1976 and the 1981 Censuses of Population and Dwellings, persons over the age of 15 were asked about their cigarette smoking habits. The data are available on the basis of age and ethnicity, enabling an examination of the prevalence of ever-smoking by a cohort born some 80 years before the censuses were taken, at the end of the last century. Thus the effect of ever-smoking on mortality can be calculated. Ever regularly smoking reduced the life expectation of males by 11.7 years and females by 15.6 years. The corresponding reductions for Maori were 19.3 years and 23.8 years. The effect of smoking on health has been of epidemic proportions, notably for the Maori.
新西兰可能很独特，因为在1976年和1981年的人口与住房普查中，询问了15岁以上人群的吸烟习惯。这些数据可按年龄和种族获取，从而能够对在普查进行前约80年，即上世纪末出生的一批人的曾经吸烟率进行调查。因此，可以计算曾经吸烟对死亡率的影响。曾经经常吸烟使男性预期寿命减少11.7岁，女性减少15.6岁。毛利男性和女性的相应减少量分别为19.3岁和23.8岁。吸烟对健康的影响已达到流行程度，对毛利人而言尤其如此。
