Kriz W, Elger M, Mundel P, Lemley K V
J Am Soc Nephrol. 1995 Apr;5(10):1731-9. doi: 10.1681/ASN.V5101731.
The glomerular tuft is constantly exposed to considerable expansile forces resulting from high capillary pressures. Counterforces must be generated in order to maintain structural stability. This review analyzes those structures of the glomerular tuft capable of developing such stabilizing forces. Two systems are described. A basic system consists of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and the mesangium. The GBM represents the main skeletal element of the glomerular tuft. In general, opposing portions of the GBM are bridged by contractile mesangial cell processes, generating inwardly directed forces that balance the expansile forces resulting from pressure gradients across the GBM. A second structure-stabilizing role of the podocytes appears to be superimposed on this system. Podocytes are attached to the GBM by numerous foot processes that contain a contractile system. The foot process attachments probably stabilize small patches of the underlying GBM, counteracting local elastic distension. In addition, podocytes may contribute to the stabilization of the folding pattern of the tuft by linking neighboring capillary loops to each other.
肾小球丛持续受到因高毛细血管压力产生的相当大的扩张力影响。必须产生反作用力以维持结构稳定性。本综述分析了肾小球丛中能够产生这种稳定力的结构。描述了两个系统。一个基本系统由肾小球基底膜（GBM）和系膜组成。GBM是肾小球丛的主要骨架成分。一般来说，GBM相对的部分由收缩性系膜细胞突起桥接，产生向内的力，平衡因GBM上压力梯度产生的扩张力。足细胞的第二个结构稳定作用似乎叠加在这个系统上。足细胞通过众多含有收缩系统的足突附着于GBM。足突附着可能稳定下方GBM的小区域，抵消局部弹性扩张。此外，足细胞可能通过将相邻的毛细血管袢相互连接，有助于肾小球丛折叠模式的稳定。
