Prosser B L, Beskid G
Department of Antibacterial Support, Hoffmann-La Roche, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1995 Jan;21(1):33-45. doi: 10.1016/0732-8893(94)00087-d.
In vitro activities of fleroxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and lomefloxacin were evaluated against 25,129 fresh bacterial isolates from 51 US hospital or medical center laboratories, beginning in October of 1990. Susceptibility rates were > or = 85% against most species of Gram-negative bacteria. Notable exceptions were Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Xanthomonas, and Providencia. The study drugs displayed similar activity against most Gram-negative species. At least 90% of oxacillin-susceptible staphylococci were susceptible but, of oxacillin-resistant strains, only approximately 60% of Staphylococcus epidermidis and 25% of Staphylococcus aureus were susceptible to the quinolones tested. Staphylococcus saprophyticus strains were less susceptible to fleroxacin (42%) than to the other compounds (79%-97%). Ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were more active against streptococci, and none of the compounds demonstrated appreciable activity against enterococci. Thus, the spectra of activity of fluoroquinolones illustrate that they remain effective agents for the treatment of many types of infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens.
从1990年10月开始,对来自美国51家医院或医学中心实验室的25129株新鲜细菌分离株进行了氟罗沙星、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星和洛美沙星的体外活性评估。对大多数革兰氏阴性菌的药敏率≥85%。值得注意的例外是假单胞菌属、不动杆菌属、黄单胞菌属和普罗威登斯菌属。受试药物对大多数革兰氏阴性菌表现出相似的活性。至少90%的对苯唑西林敏感的葡萄球菌敏感,但在对苯唑西林耐药的菌株中,只有约60%的表皮葡萄球菌和25%的金黄色葡萄球菌对受试喹诺酮类药物敏感。腐生葡萄球菌菌株对氟罗沙星的敏感性(42%)低于其他化合物(79%-97%)。氧氟沙星和环丙沙星对链球菌的活性更强,且所有化合物对肠球菌均无明显活性。因此,氟喹诺酮类药物的活性谱表明,它们仍然是治疗由革兰氏阴性病原体引起的多种感染的有效药物。