Twisk J W, Kemper H C, Mellenbergh G J
Department of Health Science, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Epidemiol. 1995 Feb;24(1):69-77. doi: 10.1093/ije/24.1.69.
In the Amsterdam Growth and Health Study, the longitudinal development of risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) was investigated.
Serum cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and the TC/HDL ratio were measured at the ages of 13, 14, 15 and 16 years (adolescence) and at the ages of 21 and 27 years ([young] adulthood).
No cohort, time of measurement, drop-out or test/learning effects were found for TC, HDL and the TC/HDL ratio. For males the longitudinal development of TC showed a dip in the adolescent period, while females showed constant values. For both males and females TC values increased during young adulthood, but females had higher (P < or = 0.001) absolute values than males. The HDL values for males decreased throughout the measurement period, while for females a stable period during adolescence was followed by a slight increase during adulthood. For the TC/HDL ratio males showed an increase during young adulthood, while females stayed more or less constant over the whole measurement period. The percentages of subjects above (or below for HDL) objective risk values increased with age: from 0% to 1% during adolescence to 11% (males) and 14% (females) for TC, 5% (males) and 1% (females) for HDL and 13% (males) and 1% (females) for the TC/HDL ratio.
In a relatively young and healthy population TC and TC/HDL values tended to rise with age (especially in males) indicating that prevention related to these risk factors for CHD should start early in life.
在阿姆斯特丹生长与健康研究中，对冠心病（CHD）危险因素的纵向发展进行了调查。
在13、14、15和16岁（青春期）以及21和27岁（青年期）时测量血清胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和TC/HDL比值。
未发现TC、HDL和TC/HDL比值存在队列、测量时间、失访或测试/学习效应。男性的TC纵向发展在青春期出现下降，而女性则保持恒定值。男性和女性的TC值在青年期均升高，但女性的绝对值高于男性（P≤0.001）。男性的HDL值在整个测量期间下降，而女性在青春期有一个稳定期，随后在成年期略有增加。对于TC/HDL比值，男性在青年期升高，而女性在整个测量期间基本保持不变。高于（或低于HDL的）客观风险值的受试者百分比随年龄增加：青春期从0%增至1%，TC方面男性为11%、女性为14%，HDL方面男性为5%、女性为1%，TC/HDL比值方面男性为13%、女性为1%。
在相对年轻且健康的人群中，TC和TC/HDL值往往随年龄升高（尤其是男性），这表明针对这些冠心病危险因素的预防应在生命早期开始。
