Clark D A, Steer R A, Beck A T
Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1994 Nov;103(4):645-54.
The common and specific symptom dimensions of anxiety and depression proposed by the tripartite (L.A. Clark & D. Watson, 1991 c) and cognitive (A.T. Beck, 1976, 1987) models were investigated in 844 psychiatric outpatients and 420 undergraduates. Principal-factor analyses with oblique rotations performed on the 42 items of the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory for both samples revealed that there were 2 correlated factors. Depression and Anxiety. Second-order factor analyses of the interfactor correlation matrices indicated a large general distress or negative affect factor underlying the relationship between the 2 first-order factors. Specific depression and anxiety dimensions were apparent even after we controlled for negative affect. The results were consistent with both the tripartite and cognitive models, with the cognitive and motivational symptoms specific to depression and the physiological arousal symptoms unique to anxiety.
在844名精神科门诊患者和420名大学生中，对由三方模型（L.A.克拉克和D.沃森，1991年c）和认知模型（A.T.贝克，1976年、1987年）提出的焦虑和抑郁的常见及特定症状维度进行了研究。对两个样本的贝克抑郁量表和贝克焦虑量表的42个项目进行斜交旋转的主因素分析，结果显示有两个相关因素：抑郁和焦虑。对因素间相关矩阵进行的二阶因素分析表明，在两个一阶因素之间的关系背后存在一个较大的一般痛苦或消极情绪因素。即使在我们控制了消极情绪之后，特定的抑郁和焦虑维度仍然明显。结果与三方模型和认知模型均一致，其中认知和动机症状是抑郁所特有的，而生理唤醒症状是焦虑所独有的。
