Macuda T, Roberts W A
Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 1995 Jan;21(1):20-32.
In Experiment 1, rats were given a test to determine the order of preference among 3 types of food. Two groups of rats then were trained on a 12-arm radial maze in Experiment 2, with the 3 foods placed in fixed-arm locations for 1 group and in locations that varied randomly across sessions for the other group. The results replicated those of Dallal and Meck (1990) by showing faster learning and more clustering of arm choices by food type in the fixed-locations group than in the random-locations group. Two further experiments were performed to test the chunking hypothesis. Observations of working memory in Experiment 3 and the reorganization of reference memory in Experiment 4 both supported the chunking hypothesis by showing superior spatial memory and arm chunking by food type when chunk integrity was maintained than when it was compromised.
在实验1中，对大鼠进行测试以确定三种食物的偏好顺序。然后，在实验2中，两组大鼠在一个12臂放射状迷宫中接受训练，一组的三种食物放置在固定的臂位置，另一组的食物位置在各实验环节中随机变化。结果重复了达拉尔和梅克（1990年）的研究，表明与随机位置组相比，固定位置组的学习速度更快，且按食物类型选择臂的聚类现象更明显。又进行了另外两个实验来检验组块假设。实验3中对工作记忆的观察以及实验4中对参考记忆的重组均支持了组块假设，表明当组块完整性得到维持时，与组块完整性受损时相比，空间记忆更优，且按食物类型的臂组块现象更明显。
