Boström K, Watson K E, Stanford W P, Demer L L
Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-1679.
Am J Cardiol. 1995 Feb 23;75(6):88B-91B. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(95)80020-s.
Calcium deposits of atherosclerotic plaque consist of hydroxyapatite and may appear identical to fully formed lamellar bone, including trabeculae, lacunae, and areas resembling marrow. Possible mechanisms for bone formation in artery walls are developmental retention of pluripotent cells or osteoblastic immigration coupled with loss of molecular regulatory control that unmasks an embryonic osteogenic program. In situ hybridization of calcified human atherosclerotic lesions shows expression of bone morphogenetic protein type 2, a potent osteogenic differentiation factor. Medial cells of bovine aorta cultured (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium plus 15% fetal calf serum) for > 2 weeks form nodules similar to those formed by cultured osteoblasts, including the elaboration of hydroxyapatite.
动脉粥样硬化斑块中的钙沉积物由羟基磷灰石组成，可能与完全形成的板层骨相同，包括小梁、腔隙和类似骨髓的区域。动脉壁中骨形成的可能机制是多能细胞的发育性保留或成骨细胞迁移，同时分子调节控制丧失，从而揭示胚胎成骨程序。钙化的人类动脉粥样硬化病变的原位杂交显示骨形态发生蛋白2型的表达，这是一种有效的成骨分化因子。在含有15%胎牛血清的杜尔贝科改良伊格尔培养基中培养超过2周的牛主动脉中层细胞形成类似于培养的成骨细胞形成的结节，包括羟基磷灰石的形成。
