Webb K A, Wolfe L A, McGrath M J
School of Physical and Health Education, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1994 Nov;77(5):2207-13. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1994.77.5.2207.
Maternal-fetal effects of cycle ergometer conditioning (heart rate of 145 beats/min at 25 min/day for 3 days/wk) were studied during the second and third pregnancy trimesters. Subjects were 22 previously sedentary women and 16 nonexercising pregnant control women. Fetal heart rate (FHR) characteristics were studied before, during, and after 15 min of upright cycling at a maternal heart rate target of 145 beats/min at the end of both the second and third trimesters. Despite higher cycling power outputs in the exercised group, mean FHR responses were similar in both groups and conformed to 1) gradual increase in FHR baseline during exercise, 2) normal variability, and 3) normal reactivity. Fetal bradycardia was observed during (n = 1) and after (n = 2) exercise in three isolated tests. The timing of these events suggested that the likelihood of significant fetal hypoxia is highest in the immediate postexercise period. These results also support the hypothesis that physically conditioned women can perform at higher exercise power outputs than sedentary women without inducing fetal hypoxic stress. Further study is recommended to examine possible fetal and placental adaptations to maternal aerobic conditioning.
在妊娠中期和晚期，研究了周期测力计锻炼（每周3天，每天25分钟，心率145次/分钟）对母婴的影响。研究对象为22名先前久坐不动的女性和16名不运动的怀孕对照女性。在妊娠中期和晚期结束时，以母亲心率目标145次/分钟进行15分钟直立骑行，研究骑行前、骑行中和骑行后胎儿心率（FHR）特征。尽管运动组的骑行功率输出较高，但两组的平均FHR反应相似，且符合以下三点：1）运动期间FHR基线逐渐升高；2）正常变异性；3）正常反应性。在三项单独测试中，运动期间（n = 1）和运动后（n = 2）观察到胎儿心动过缓。这些事件的发生时间表明，运动后即刻出现严重胎儿缺氧的可能性最高。这些结果也支持了这样一种假设，即经过体育锻炼的女性能够比久坐不动的女性以更高的运动功率输出进行运动，而不会引起胎儿缺氧应激。建议进一步研究，以检查胎儿和胎盘对母亲有氧锻炼的可能适应性。
