van der Meulen J, Koerten H K
Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
J Biomed Mater Res. 1994 Dec;28(12):1455-63. doi: 10.1002/jbm.820281211.
The cellular response and inflammatory reaction to three types of calcium phosphate ceramic spheres, namely fluorapatite (FA), hydroxyapatite (HA), and beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP), were investigated. The degradation at ultrastructural level of these ceramics was also studied. The mouse peritoneal cavity was used as a model compartment for this study. To minimize the influence of a wound reaction, the spheres were implanted by injection. Intraperitoneal injection of latex beads of 6.4 and 25.7 microns showed that an inflammatory reaction is influenced by the size of injected particles; therefore, ceramic spheres with the same average diameter (11.3 microns) were used. After 2 and 4 days and 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks, the spheres were harvested. All materials gave rise to a short, mild inflammatory reaction. The ceramic spheres aggregated rapidly, and foreign body granulomas were formed within 2 weeks. Degradation of all materials was observed in this study, and degradation products were frequently seen both intracellularly and extracellularly. After 2 weeks TCP and HA showed the formation of crystals at their surface and between individual grains of the spheres. This was most prominently seen with TCP. At 4 weeks, HA and TCP granulomas showed the formation of extracellular, globular deposits between macrophages or multinucleated giant cells and fragments of the ceramic. They consisted of an organic matrix containing apatite-like crystals and iron, and had an average diameter of 10 microns. The number of deposits was the highest for TCP. For FA, calcium phosphate precipitation and the formation of deposits was not observed before the 8-week interval and remained at a low level.
研究了三种磷酸钙陶瓷球，即氟磷灰石（FA）、羟基磷灰石（HA）和β-磷酸三钙（TCP）的细胞反应和炎症反应。还研究了这些陶瓷在超微结构水平上的降解情况。本研究以小鼠腹腔作为模型腔室。为了尽量减少伤口反应的影响，通过注射植入球体。腹腔注射6.4微米和25.7微米的乳胶珠表明，炎症反应受注射颗粒大小的影响；因此，使用了平均直径相同（11.3微米）的陶瓷球。在2天、4天以及1周、2周、4周、8周、12周和24周后，收集球体。所有材料均引发了短暂、轻微的炎症反应。陶瓷球迅速聚集，并在2周内形成异物肉芽肿。本研究观察到所有材料的降解情况，降解产物在细胞内和细胞外均经常可见。2周后，TCP和HA在其表面以及球体的单个颗粒之间显示出晶体形成。这在TCP中最为明显。4周时，HA和TCP肉芽肿在巨噬细胞或多核巨细胞与陶瓷碎片之间显示出细胞外球状沉积物的形成。它们由含有类磷灰石晶体和铁的有机基质组成，平均直径为10微米。沉积物的数量在TCP中最高。对于FA，在8周间隔之前未观察到磷酸钙沉淀和沉积物的形成，且其水平一直较低。
