Deivanayagam N, Mala N, Ahamed S S, Shankar V J
Advanced Centre for Clinical Epidemiological Research and Training (ACCERT), Institute of Child Health, Madras.
Indian Pediatr. 1994 Jan;31(1):35-40.
A prospective study was undertaken from April 1988 to April 1989, to assess the diarrheal and respiratory complications of measles. Standard definitions were used for the cases, Measles Associated Diarrhea (MAD) and Measles Related Pneumonia (MRP). Children with diarrhea not related to measles were recruited for comparison for MAD. There was a total of 454 cases, measles 53 (11.7%), measles associated diarrhea (MAD) 113 (24.9%), measles related pneumonia (MRP) 186 (41.0%) and MAD with MRP 102 (22.5%). Children under 10 months and 24 months were 11% and 51.5%, respectively. Altogether 215/401 (53.6%) and 288/401 (71.8%) had diarrhea and pneumonia. Children who had been measles vaccinated were 8.4%. The overall case fatality was 4.2%. Case fatality in pneumonia was 1.1%. There was no statistically significant difference between the MAD and diarrhea in relation to religion, water supply, the method of excreta disposal, nutritional status and immunization status other than measles vaccination. There was significant difference in the nature of stools between the two groups, the stools of MAD were more of dysenteric in nature (p < 0.005). Vitamin A deficiency as evidenced by eye signs, was significantly more in MAD than in diarrhea (p < 0.001). It is recommended that Vitamin-A be given to all children with measles, complication due to diarrhea be promptly and adequately treated and to consider measles vaccination earlier than 9 months.
1988年4月至1989年4月进行了一项前瞻性研究，以评估麻疹的腹泻和呼吸道并发症。对麻疹相关腹泻（MAD）和麻疹相关肺炎（MRP）病例采用了标准定义。招募了与麻疹无关的腹泻儿童作为MAD的对照。总共有454例病例，麻疹53例（11.7%），麻疹相关腹泻（MAD）113例（24.9%），麻疹相关肺炎（MRP）186例（41.0%），MAD合并MRP 102例（22.5%）。10个月以下和24个月以下的儿童分别占11%和51.5%。共有215/401（53.6%）和288/401（71.8%）的儿童出现腹泻和肺炎。接种过麻疹疫苗的儿童占8.4%。总体病死率为4.2%。肺炎的病死率为1.1%。除麻疹疫苗接种外，MAD与腹泻在宗教、供水、排泄物处理方法、营养状况和免疫状况方面无统计学显著差异。两组粪便性质存在显著差异，MAD的粪便更具痢疾性质（p<0.005）。有眼部体征证明的维生素A缺乏症在MAD中比在腹泻中显著更多（p<0.
