Banet G A
J Vasc Nurs. 1994 Dec;12(4):101-5.
Recent data suggest that stroke in young adults is more frequent than previously reported. To explore clinical and discharge characteristics of young adults with stroke, a retrospective chart review was completed for all young adults (ranging from 18 to 45 years of age, inclusively) admitted to this institution in 1992 with a diagnosis of stroke. The group consisted of 37 patients (mean age 36 years). The 16 men and 21 women represented 8.4% of the 441 patients with stroke treated in 1992. A total of 25 (67.6%) had ischemic strokes (37.8% cerebral infarction and 29.8% transient ischemic attacks), and 12 (32.5%) had hemorrhagic strokes (18.9% subarachnoid and 13.4% intracerebral hemorrhage). The distribution of cerebral infarction/transient ischemic attack subtypes included 16% atherothromboembolic, 32% cardiogenic, 4% lacunar, 16% other causes (such as migraine or vasculitis), and 32% of undetermined cause. Hemorrhagic stroke subtypes included 25% hypertensive, 41.6% aneurysmal, 16.7% other vascular anomalies (such as arteriovenous malformations), and 16.7% of undetermined cause. Among those who survived, 88% were discharged directly home, and 12% required rehabilitation. During the acute phase, 11% of the population died. These data suggest that strokes in young adults (1) are more frequent than previously recognized, (2) have multiple etiologic and pathologic factors, and (3) in many cases, are treatable. In general, these patients have a good prognosis.
近期数据表明，青年成人中风的发生率比之前报道的更高。为探究青年成人中风患者的临床及出院特征，我们对1992年收治于本院、诊断为中风的所有青年成人（年龄范围为18至45岁，含18岁和45岁）进行了回顾性病历审查。该组共有37例患者（平均年龄36岁）。这16名男性和21名女性占1992年接受治疗的441例中风患者的8.4%。共有25例（67.6%）为缺血性中风（37.8%为脑梗死，29.8%为短暂性脑缺血发作），12例（32.5%）为出血性中风（18.9%为蛛网膜下腔出血，13.4%为脑出血）。脑梗死/短暂性脑缺血发作亚型的分布情况为：动脉粥样硬化血栓栓塞性占16%，心源性占32%，腔隙性占4%，其他原因（如偏头痛或血管炎）占16%，原因不明的占32%。出血性中风亚型包括：高血压性占25%，动脉瘤性占41.6%，其他血管异常（如动静脉畸形）占16.7%，原因不明的占16.7%。在存活患者中，88%直接出院回家，12%需要康复治疗。急性期有11%的患者死亡。这些数据表明，青年成人中风：（1）比之前认为的更常见；（2）有多种病因和病理因素；（3）在许多情况下是可治疗的。总体而言，这些患者预后良好。
