Stone L M, Finger T E, Tam P P, Tan S S
Rocky Mountain Taste and Smell Center, Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver 80262.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Mar 14;92(6):1916-20. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.6.1916.
Except for taste bud cells, all sensory receptor cells and neurons have been shown to originate from neurogenic ectoderm (i.e., neural tube, neural crest, or ectodermal placodes). Descriptive studies on taste buds indicate that they, however, may arise from local epithelium. To determine whether taste receptor cells originate from neurogenic ectoderm or from local epithelium, the tongues of X chromosome-inactivation mosaic mice were examined. Results of this analysis show that taste bud cells and their surrounding epithelium always match in terms of the mosaic marker. This suggests that taste cells and epithelial cells arise from a common progenitor and that taste receptor cells originate from local tissue elements. Since taste buds are widespread in the oropharynx, they lie in epithelium derived from both ectoderm and endoderm. Therefore, taste receptor cells can be induced in tissue from two different germ layers. Thus in terms of tissues of origin, taste receptor cells are unlike other cells with neuronal characteristics.
除味蕾细胞外，所有感觉受体细胞和神经元均已被证明起源于神经外胚层（即神经管、神经嵴或外胚层基板）。然而，对味蕾的描述性研究表明，它们可能起源于局部上皮组织。为了确定味觉受体细胞是起源于神经外胚层还是局部上皮组织，研究人员检查了X染色体失活嵌合小鼠的舌头。该分析结果表明，味蕾细胞及其周围上皮组织在嵌合标记方面始终匹配。这表明味觉细胞和上皮细胞起源于共同的祖细胞，并且味觉受体细胞起源于局部组织成分。由于味蕾广泛分布于口咽，它们位于外胚层和内胚层衍生的上皮组织中。因此，味觉受体细胞可以在来自两个不同胚层的组织中被诱导产生。因此，就起源组织而言，味觉受体细胞不同于其他具有神经元特征的细胞。
