Hammond H A, Jin L, Zhong Y, Caskey C T, Chakraborty R
Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.
Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Jul;55(1):175-89.
Personal identification by using DNA typing methodologies has been an issue in the popular and scientific press for several years. We present a PCR-based DNA-typing method using 13 unlinked short tandem repeat (STR) loci. Validation of the loci and methodology has been performed to meet standards set by the forensic community and the accrediting organization for parentage testing. Extensive statistical analysis has addressed the issues surrounding the presentation of "match" statistics. We have found STR loci to provide a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method of DNA typing for parentage testing, forensic identification, and medical diagnostics. Valid statistical analysis is generally simpler than similar analysis of RFLP-VNTR results and provides powerful statistical evidence of the low frequency of random multilocus genotype matching.
数年来，利用DNA分型方法进行个人身份识别一直是大众媒体和科学刊物关注的问题。我们提出了一种基于聚合酶链反应（PCR）的DNA分型方法，该方法使用13个不连锁的短串联重复序列（STR）位点。已经对这些位点和方法进行了验证，以符合法医界和亲子鉴定认可组织制定的标准。广泛的统计分析解决了围绕“匹配”统计数据呈现的问题。我们发现STR位点为亲子鉴定、法医鉴定和医学诊断提供了一种快速、灵敏且可靠的DNA分型方法。有效的统计分析通常比类似的限制性片段长度多态性-可变数目串联重复序列（RFLP-VNTR）结果分析更简单，并为随机多位点基因型匹配的低频性提供了有力的统计证据。
