Schooler N R
University of Pittsburgh, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pennsylvania 15213.
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1994;380:21-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb05827.x.
Definitions of negative symptoms and deficit syndromes are reviewed in this article; rating scale criteria (the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale); Crow's type II syndrome; Carpenter's deficit syndrome; and the draft of DSM-IV. The core negative symptoms identified by these investigators also describe the neuroleptic-induced deficit syndrome (NIDS). Study designs and assessment methods to distinguish NIDS from the symptoms of schizophrenia are presented. Assessment methods include rating scales and a novel method that uses descriptive symptom vignettes. Designs include neuroleptic discontinuation studies, dose comparisons and comparison of atypical antipsychotic medicines to typical neuroleptic drugs.
本文回顾了阴性症状和缺陷综合征的定义；评定量表标准（阴性症状评定量表和阳性与阴性症状量表）；克劳二型综合征；卡彭特缺陷综合征；以及《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版草案。这些研究者确定的核心阴性症状也描述了抗精神病药物所致缺陷综合征（NIDS）。本文介绍了区分NIDS与精神分裂症症状的研究设计和评估方法。评估方法包括评定量表和一种使用描述性症状 vignettes 的新方法。设计包括抗精神病药物撤药研究、剂量比较以及非典型抗精神病药物与典型抗精神病药物的比较。
