Bigliardi P L, Herron M J, Nelson R D, Dahl M V
Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455.
Exp Dermatol. 1994 Apr;3(2):89-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.1994.tb00053.x.
Effects of low concentrations of detergents on cultured human foreskin keratinocytes were assessed in vitro. The viability and activity of keratinocytes were assessed by measuring reduction of a tetrazolium dye as an indicator of mitochondrial metabolism. The keratinocyte proliferative responses after incubation with detergents were assessed by a spectrophotometric assay employing crystal violet dye and a fluorometric assay determining total DNA content. Both the cationic detergent cetyltrimethylammonium bromide [CTAB] and the anionic detergent sodium lauryl sulfate [SLS] showed toxic effects on keratinocytes at concentrations as low as 3 micrograms/mg, but SLS was less toxic. However, both SLS and CTAB activated keratinocytes at very low concentrations. Proliferative activity and mitochondrial metabolism increased. Serum partially protected keratinocytes against toxic and stimulatory activities of both detergents. We suggest that detergents may directly damage keratinocytes and thereby produce irritant contact dermatitis, but activation of keratinocytes by low concentrations may also produce dermatitis, perhaps by causing keratinocytes to release cytokines.
在体外评估了低浓度洗涤剂对培养的人包皮角质形成细胞的影响。通过测量四氮唑染料的还原作为线粒体代谢的指标来评估角质形成细胞的活力和活性。用结晶紫染料的分光光度法和测定总DNA含量的荧光法评估与洗涤剂孵育后角质形成细胞的增殖反应。阳离子洗涤剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵[CTAB]和阴离子洗涤剂十二烷基硫酸钠[SLS]在低至3微克/毫克的浓度下均对角质形成细胞显示出毒性作用，但SLS的毒性较小。然而，SLS和CTAB在极低浓度下均能激活角质形成细胞。增殖活性和线粒体代谢增加。血清部分保护角质形成细胞免受两种洗涤剂的毒性和刺激活性影响。我们认为洗涤剂可能直接损伤角质形成细胞，从而产生刺激性接触性皮炎，但低浓度洗涤剂对角质形成细胞的激活也可能产生皮炎，可能是通过使角质形成细胞释放细胞因子。
