Grotevant H D, McRoy R G, Elde C L, Fravel D L
Department of Family Social Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108.
Fam Process. 1994 Jun;33(2):125-46. doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.1994.00125.x.
This study examines the consequences of variations in levels of openness in adoption, especially focusing on the dynamics of the adoptive family system from the perspective of the adoptive parents. Participants included the father, mother, and at least one adopted child in 190 adoptive families, and 169 birthmothers, drawn from adoption agencies across the United States. Families included 62 confidential, 17 time-limited mediated, 52 ongoing mediated, and 59 fully disclosed adoptions. When compared to parents in confidential adoptions, those in open adoptions generally demonstrated higher levels of acknowledgment of the adoption, empathy toward the birthparents and their child, a stronger sense of permanence in the relationship with their child as projected into the future, and less fear that the birthmother might try to reclaim her child. Despite these mean differences, variations within all levels of openness were present, and results are discussed in terms of the ongoing process involved in building a family through adoption.
本研究考察了收养中开放程度差异的后果，尤其从养父母的角度关注收养家庭系统的动态变化。研究对象包括来自美国各地收养机构的190个收养家庭中的父亲、母亲和至少一名被收养儿童，以及169位生母。这些家庭包括62例保密收养、17例限时中介收养、52例持续中介收养和59例完全公开收养。与保密收养的父母相比，开放收养的父母通常对收养的认知程度更高，对生母及其孩子更具同理心，对与孩子未来关系的永久性感觉更强，且不太担心生母会试图夺回其孩子。尽管存在这些均值差异，但所有开放程度水平内均存在差异，并且将根据通过收养建立家庭所涉及的持续过程来讨论研究结果。
