Barrow P A, Huggins M B, Lovell M A
Houghton Laboratory, AFRC Institute for Animal Health, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom.
Infect Immun. 1994 Oct;62(10):4602-10. doi: 10.1128/iai.62.10.4602-4610.1994.
By experimental infection, host-specific Salmonella serotypes were shown to demonstrate specificities for chickens, mice, and other laboratory animals. Following oral inoculation, four strains of Salmonella gallinarum and two S. pullorum strains, isolated from diseased poultry, were more virulent for chickens than for mice. By contrast, four strains each of S. choleraesuis and S. dublin, isolated from diseased pigs and cattle, respectively, were more virulent for mice than for chickens. These results were also reflected in the degree of virulence expressed after parenteral inoculation. In addition, S. choleraesuis, but not other serotypes, killed rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits. S. typhimurium strains varied widely in their virulence, and some strains were virulent for both mice and chickens. Four other serotypes isolated from poultry or human food poisoning cases and a nonpathogenic Escherichia coli strain were much less virulent for both experimental host species. Most of the host-specific Salmonella serotypes studied were able to colonize the distal alimentary tract and invade the tissues in both mice and chickens to various degrees. There was, however, a greater difference in the ability to survive and multiply in the visceral organs, particularly the spleen and the liver, once invasion had occurred which correlated with the virulence for the host species involved.
通过实验感染发现，宿主特异性沙门氏菌血清型对鸡、小鼠和其他实验动物表现出特异性。经口接种后，从患病家禽中分离出的4株鸡沙门氏菌和2株鸡白痢沙门氏菌菌株对鸡的毒力比对小鼠的毒力更强。相比之下，分别从患病猪和牛中分离出的4株猪霍乱沙门氏菌和4株都柏林沙门氏菌菌株对小鼠的毒力比对鸡的毒力更强。这些结果也反映在经肠胃外接种后所表现出的毒力程度上。此外，猪霍乱沙门氏菌能杀死大鼠、豚鼠和兔子，而其他血清型则不能。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌株的毒力差异很大，有些菌株对小鼠和鸡都有毒力。从家禽或人类食物中毒病例分离出的其他4种血清型以及一株非致病性大肠杆菌菌株对两种实验宿主物种的毒力都要小得多得多。所研究的大多数宿主特异性沙门氏菌血清型都能够在小鼠和鸡体内定殖于消化道远端，并不同程度地侵入组织。然而，一旦发生侵入，在内脏器官尤其是脾脏和肝脏中存活和繁殖的能力存在更大差异，这与所涉及宿主物种的毒力相关。
