Chandler J E, Messer H H, Ellender G
University of Melbourne, School of Dental Science, Victoria, Australia.
J Dent Res. 1994 Sep;73(9):1554-9. doi: 10.1177/00220345940730091101.
The use of mercury in dental amalgam restorations has become the subject of political controversy despite its long history of safe clinical use, and alternative materials based on gallium and indium rather than mercury have been developed. The biological safety of these metals must be evaluated, as part of their assessment as mercury substitutes. The cytotoxicities of mercury (II) nitrate, gallium (III) nitrate, and indium (III) nitrate were assessed at concentrations between 0.001 mmol/L and 1.0 mmol/L, using L929 mouse fibroblasts and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay and scanning electron microscopy. The mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity at each metal ion concentration as a percentage of the control was calculated from the absorbance values. The 50% inhibition concentration of mercury (II) nitrate was 0.35 mmol/L for cells in the rapid-growth phase and at confluence; gallium (III) nitrate and indium (III) nitrate did not significantly inhibit dehydrogenase activity in either the growing or confluent phase. Gallium and indium ions were not significantly toxic under the conditions of this assay.
尽管汞在牙科汞合金修复体中的临床安全使用历史悠久，但它已成为政治争议的主题，并且已经开发出了基于镓和铟而非汞的替代材料。作为这些金属作为汞替代品评估的一部分，必须评估它们的生物安全性。使用L929小鼠成纤维细胞以及3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT)比色法和扫描电子显微镜，在0.001 mmol/L至1.0 mmol/L的浓度范围内评估硝酸汞(II)、硝酸镓(III)和硝酸铟(III)的细胞毒性。根据吸光度值计算每个金属离子浓度下的线粒体脱氢酶活性相对于对照的百分比。硝酸汞(II)对处于快速生长阶段和汇合状态的细胞的50%抑制浓度为0.35 mmol/L；硝酸镓(III)和硝酸铟(III)在生长或汇合阶段均未显著抑制脱氢酶活性。在本试验条件下，镓离子和铟离子没有明显毒性。
