Mont M A, Cohen D B, Campbell K R, Gravare K, Mathur S K
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Am J Sports Med. 1994 Jul-Aug;22(4):513-7. doi: 10.1177/036354659402200413.
Thirty elite tennis players were randomly assigned to three groups to evaluate shoulder isokinetic internal and external rotation training: an isokinetic concentric group, an isokinetic eccentric group, and a control group with no training. Subjects were tested before and after training both concentrically and eccentrically using an isokinetic dynamometer. Functional output before and after training was assessed by the average and peak velocity of six maximal serves. The effect of training on serve velocity endurance was also assessed. Statistically significant concentric and eccentric strength gains (11%) were obtained in both training groups when compared with controls (decreased total average strain of 2%) (P < 0.0004). Serve velocity increased by greater than 11% in both training groups, which was a significant increase from the average of 1% in the control group (P < 0.0001). In the endurance study, training group subjects displayed a tendency to maintain their serve velocity (loss of approximately 2%) greater than controls (loss of 6.4%) (P < 0.05). Isokinetic training led to increases in objective and functional output in elite tennis players. This training regimen may have significance in the final stages of the rehabilitation of injured shoulders as well as in improved performance and reduced injury risk.
30名精英网球运动员被随机分为三组，以评估肩部等速内旋和外旋训练：一个等速向心组、一个等速离心组和一个无训练的对照组。在训练前后，使用等速测力计对受试者进行向心和离心测试。通过6次最大发球的平均速度和峰值速度评估训练前后的功能输出。还评估了训练对发球速度耐力的影响。与对照组相比（总平均应变降低2%），两个训练组在向心和离心力量方面均获得了具有统计学意义的增长（11%）（P < 0.0004）。两个训练组的发球速度均提高了超过11%，与对照组平均1%的增幅相比有显著增加（P < 0.0001）。在耐力研究中，训练组受试者保持发球速度的趋势（下降约2%）大于对照组（下降6.4%）（P < 0.05）。等速训练导致精英网球运动员的客观和功能输出增加。这种训练方案可能对受伤肩部康复的最后阶段以及提高运动表现和降低受伤风险具有重要意义。
