Lichtenstein A H, Ausman L M, Carrasco W, Jenner J L, Ordovas J M, Schaefer E J
Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Tufts University, Boston, Mass 02111.
Arterioscler Thromb. 1994 Nov;14(11):1751-60. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.14.11.1751.
Study subjects (6 women and 5 men) over the age of 40 years with fasting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations > 130 mg/dL were studied during three 5-week diet phases and one 10-week phase: baseline (36% fat: 13% saturated fatty acids [SFA], 12% monounsaturated fatty acids [MUFA], 8% polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA], and 128 mg cholesterol/1000 kcal); reduced fat (29% fat: 7% SFA, 9% MUFA, 11% PUFA, and 85 mg cholesterol/1000 kcal); and two low fat (15% fat: 5% SFA, 5% MUFA, 3% PUFA, and 73 mg cholesterol/1000 kcal). Body weight was maintained during the first three 5-week phases (baseline, reduced fat, and low fat [-->energy]) and decreased during the last 10-week phase when the low-fat diet was provided such that the subjects determined, in part, their caloric intake (low fat [decreases energy]). Mean body weight declined by 0.62 +/- 0.47 kg/wk during the first 5 weeks and 0.43 +/- 0.43 kg/wk during the second 5 weeks of the 10-week low-fat (decreases energy) period. Relative to the baseline diet, plasma cholesterol concentrations decreased from 226 +/- 33 to 195 +/- 19 (-13%), 208 +/- 22 (-7%), and 190 +/- 19 (-15%) mg/dL when the subjects consumed the reduced-fat, low-fat (--> energy), and low-fat (decreases energy) diets, respectively. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations decreased from 158 +/- 28 to 128 +/- 16 (-18%), 134 +/- 17 (-14%), and 119 +/- 15 (-23%) mg/dL when the subjects consumed the reduced-fat, low-fat (--> energy), and low-fat (decreases energy) diets, respectively. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations decreased from 48 +/- 11 to 42 +/- 9 (-10%), 35 +/- 7 (-25%), and 38 +/- 8 (-18%) mg/dL when the subjects consumed the reduced-fat, low-fat (--> energy), and low-fat (decreases energy) diets, respectively. Triglyceride concentrations increased from 110 +/- 32 to 115 +/- 31 (8%), 188 +/- 76 (75%), and 130 +/- 32 (22%) mg/dL when the subjects consumed the reduced-fat, low-fat (--> energy), and low-fat (decreases energy) diets, respectively. Maximal changes in plasma lipid concentrations were observed after the first 5 weeks of the low-fat (decreases energy) diet phase despite continued weight loss throughout the entire 10-week diet period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
对年龄超过40岁、空腹低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度>130mg/dL的研究对象（6名女性和5名男性）在三个为期5周的饮食阶段和一个为期10周的阶段进行了研究：基线期（36%脂肪：13%饱和脂肪酸[SFA]、12%单不饱和脂肪酸[MUFA]、8%多不饱和脂肪酸[PUFA]，以及128mg胆固醇/1000千卡）；低脂期（29%脂肪：7% SFA、9% MUFA、11% PUFA，以及85mg胆固醇/1000千卡）；以及两个更低脂期（15%脂肪：5% SFA、5% MUFA、3% PUFA，以及73mg胆固醇/1000千卡）。在最初三个为期5周的阶段（基线期、低脂期和更低脂期[能量不变]）体重保持稳定，而在最后为期10周的阶段，当提供低脂饮食使得受试者部分自行决定热量摄入时（更低脂期[能量减少]）体重下降。在为期10周的更低脂（能量减少）期的前5周平均体重每周下降0.62±0.47kg，后5周每周下降0.43±0.43kg。相对于基线饮食，当受试者分别食用低脂、更低脂（能量不变）和更低脂（能量减少）饮食时，血浆胆固醇浓度分别从226±33降至195±19（-13%）、208±22（-7%）和190±19（-15%）mg/dL。当受试者分别食用低脂、更低脂（能量不变）和更低脂（能量减少）饮食时，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度分别从158±28降至128±16（-18%）、134±17（-14%）和119±15（-23%）mg/dL。当受试者分别食用低脂、更低脂（能量不变）和更低脂（能量减少）饮食时，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度分别从48±11降至42±9（-10%）、35±7（-25%）和38±8（-18%）mg/dL。当受试者分别食用低脂、更低脂（能量不变）和更低脂（能量减少）饮食时，甘油三酯浓度分别从110±32升至115±31（8%）、188±76（75%）和130±32（22%）mg/dL。尽管在整个为期10周的饮食期间体重持续下降，但在更低脂（能量减少）饮食阶段的前5周后观察到血浆脂质浓度的最大变化。（摘要截断于400字）
