Laycock M V, Thibault P, Ayer S W, Walter J A
Institute for Marine Biosciences, National Research Council, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Nat Toxins. 1994;2(4):175-83. doi: 10.1002/nt.2620020405.
Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) is caused by mixtures of saxitoxin analogs of which more than eighteen are known. Reliable and sensitive analytical methods and assays for these toxins are essential to protect the consumer and the shellfish industry, but research has been restricted by a shortage of the pure compounds. Only saxitoxin has so far been generally available as a PSP toxin standard, yet sulfated analogs usually occur in higher concentrations than saxitoxin in toxic marine algae and shellfish. Methods are described for the purification of some of the common PSP toxins, in quantities sufficient for the preparation of PSP standards from the dinoflagellate Alexandrium excavatum, the giant sea scallop (Placopecten megallanicus) hepatopancreas, and the cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon flos-aquae. Purity was monitored by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD), ionspray mass spectrometry (ISP-MS), capillary electrophoresis (CE), and proton NMR spectroscopy.
麻痹性贝类中毒（PSP）由多种石房蛤毒素类似物混合引起，已知的类似物超过18种。针对这些毒素的可靠且灵敏的分析方法和检测对于保护消费者及贝类产业至关重要，但研究一直因纯化合物短缺而受到限制。到目前为止，只有石房蛤毒素通常可作为PSP毒素标准品，然而在有毒海藻和贝类中，硫酸化类似物的浓度通常高于石房蛤毒素。本文描述了从海洋甲藻塔玛亚历山大藻、巨扇贝（海湾扇贝）肝胰腺和水华束丝藻中纯化一些常见PSP毒素的方法，纯化量足以制备PSP标准品。通过带荧光检测的高效液相色谱法（HPLC-FD）、离子喷雾质谱法（ISP-MS）、毛细管电泳法（CE）和质子核磁共振光谱法监测纯度。
