Stensel D J, Brooke-Wavell K, Hardman A E, Jones P R, Norgan N G
Department of Physical Education, Loughborough University, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1994;68(6):531-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00599525.
This study examined the influence of a 1-year brisk walking programme on endurance fitness and the amount and distribution of body fat in a group of formerly sedentary men. Seventy-two males, aged 42-59 years, body mass index 25.2 (0.3) kg.m-2 [mean (SEM)], were randomly allocated to either a walking group (n = 48) or control group (n = 24). Brisk walking speed was evaluated using a 1.6-km track walk. Changes in endurance fitness were assessed by measuring blood lactate concentration and heart rate during submaximal treadmill walking. Body composition was determined by hydrostatic weighing and anthropometry; energy intake was assessed from 7-day weighed food inventories. Differences in the response of walkers and controls were examined using two-way analyses of variance. Forty-two walkers (87.5%) completed the study and averaged 27.9 (1.4%) min.day-1 of brisk walking (range 11-46). Brisk walking speed averaged 1.95 (0.03) m.s-1 and elicited approximately 68 (1) % of maximum heart rate. Heart rate and blood lactate concentration during submaximal treadmill walking were significantly reduced in the walkers after 3, 6 and 12 months and the oxygen uptake at a reference blood lactate concentration of 2 mmol.l-1 was increased by 3.2 ml.kg-1.min-1 (14.9%) in the walkers at 6 months (P < 0.01). Although skinfold thicknesses at anterior thigh and medial calf sites decreased significantly for the walkers, the response of the two groups did not differ significantly for other body composition variables or for energy intake.
本研究调查了一项为期1年的快走计划对一组既往久坐不动的男性的耐力健康以及体脂数量和分布的影响。72名年龄在42 - 59岁之间、体重指数为25.2（0.3）kg·m⁻²[均值（标准误）]的男性被随机分为步行组（n = 48）或对照组（n = 24）。使用1.6公里的跑道步行来评估快走速度。通过测量次极量跑步机步行期间的血乳酸浓度和心率来评估耐力健康的变化。通过水下称重和人体测量法测定身体成分；根据7天称重食物记录评估能量摄入。使用双向方差分析来检验步行者和对照组反应的差异。42名步行者（87.5%）完成了研究，平均每天快走27.9（1.4%）分钟（范围为11 - 46分钟）。快走速度平均为1.95（0.03）米/秒，引发约68（1）%的最大心率。步行者在3个月、6个月和12个月后，次极量跑步机步行期间的心率和血乳酸浓度显著降低，在6个月时，步行者在参考血乳酸浓度为2 mmol·L⁻¹时的摄氧量增加了3.2毫升·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹（14.9%）（P < 0.01）。尽管步行者大腿前部和小腿内侧部位的皮褶厚度显著降低，但两组在其他身体成分变量或能量摄入方面的反应没有显著差异。
