Circadian variation of arginine-vasopressin messenger RNA in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus.

Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) gene expression in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is subject to daily rhythmic changes. To determine whether this variation is endogenously generated, temporal changes in the SCN AVP mRNA level in constant dark (DD) condition was compared with changes occurring under the light-dark (LD) condition. In both lighting conditions, the presence of a rhythm in AVP mRNA level was observed in the SCN. In LD condition, peak level of AVP mRNA was found during the latter part of the day (zeitgeber time or ZT 8) and trough value during the night at ZT 20. Correspondingly, peak level of AVP mRNA under DD condition was observed during the latter part of the subjective day (circadian time or CT 8) and a trough during the subjective night (CT 20). Under both lighting conditions, a rapid increase and decrease of mRNA around the peak time was also observed. On the other hand, no significant daily variation in AVP mRNA was found in the supraoptic nucleus in both LD and DD conditions. These results provide evidence that a rhythmic change in AVP mRNA level is regulated by a circadian clock intrinsic to the SCN. The phase relationship of AVP mRNA rhythm to peptide rhythm in the SCN is discussed.