Shaffer D, Gould M, Hicks R C
Division of Child Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY 10032.
Am J Psychiatry. 1994 Dec;151(12):1810-2. doi: 10.1176/ajp.151.12.1810.
Over the past 30 years the incidence of suicide in older adolescents in the United States has shown marked gender and ethnic variations. The rate has remained largely stable among females of all ethnic groups. Among white males it reached a peak in 1988 but has since stabilized. The rate for black and other minority males, however, has increased markedly since 1986. Increases have been more rapid in regions where the incidence was historically low. One effect of these changes has been to reduce the discrepancy between white and black teen suicide rates. The perception that young blacks are at much lower risk for suicide than whites requires revision.
在过去30年里,美国大龄青少年的自杀发生率呈现出显著的性别和种族差异。在所有种族群体的女性中,这一比率基本保持稳定。在白人男性中,该比率在1988年达到峰值,但此后趋于稳定。然而,自1986年以来,黑人和其他少数族裔男性的自杀率显著上升。在历史发生率较低的地区,上升速度更快。这些变化产生的一个影响是缩小了白人和黑人青少年自杀率之间的差距。认为年轻黑人自杀风险远低于白人的观念需要修正。