Kushner M G, Sher K J, Wood M D, Wood P K
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1994 Aug;18(4):852-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00050.x.
We evaluated whether alcohol outcome expectancies moderate the association between measures of anxiety and alcohol use. Student subjects completed questionnaires related to their level of anxiety, recent alcohol-use patterns, and outcome expectancies for alcohol to be tension reducing. Interviews were used to determine the presence or absence of alcohol dependence in subjects and in their first- and second-degree relatives. Consistent with predictions, male subjects with high tension-reduction alcohol outcome expectancies showed a stronger positive correlation between measures of anxiety and drinking behavior than did male subjects with low tension-reduction outcome expectancies. However, this effect was not found for female subjects. We note past studies showing similar gender effects, and relate the overall study findings to the tension-reduction hypothesis of stress-induced drinking.
我们评估了酒精结果预期是否会调节焦虑测量指标与酒精使用之间的关联。学生受试者完成了与他们的焦虑水平、近期酒精使用模式以及酒精能减轻紧张的结果预期相关的问卷。通过访谈来确定受试者及其一级和二级亲属中是否存在酒精依赖。与预测一致，与低紧张减轻结果预期的男性受试者相比，高紧张减轻酒精结果预期的男性受试者在焦虑测量指标与饮酒行为之间表现出更强的正相关。然而，在女性受试者中未发现这种效应。我们注意到过去的研究显示了类似的性别效应，并将整体研究结果与压力诱导饮酒的紧张减轻假说联系起来。
