Cummings J L, Mega M, Gray K, Rosenberg-Thompson S, Carusi D A, Gornbein J
Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine.
Neurology. 1994 Dec;44(12):2308-14. doi: 10.1212/wnl.44.12.2308.
We developed a new instrument, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), to assess 10 behavioral disturbances occurring in dementia patients: delusions, hallucinations, dysphoria, anxiety, agitation/aggression, euphoria, disinhibition, irritability/lability, apathy, and aberrant motor activity. The NPI uses a screening strategy to minimize administration time, examining and scoring only those behavioral domains with positive responses to screening questions. Both the frequency and the severity of each behavior are determined. Information for the NPI is obtained from a caregiver familiar with the patient's behavior. Studies reported here demonstrate the content and concurrent validity as well as between-rater, test-retest, and internal consistency reliability; the instrument is both valid and reliable. The NPI has the advantages of evaluating a wider range of psychopathology than existing instruments, soliciting information that may distinguish among different etiologies of dementia, differentiating between severity and frequency of behavioral changes, and minimizing administration time.
我们开发了一种新工具——神经精神科问卷（NPI），用于评估痴呆患者出现的10种行为障碍：妄想、幻觉、烦躁不安、焦虑、激越/攻击行为、欣快、脱抑制、易激惹/情绪不稳定、淡漠及异常运动行为。NPI采用筛查策略以尽量缩短施测时间，仅对筛查问题有阳性反应的行为领域进行检查和评分。同时确定每种行为的频率和严重程度。NPI的信息来自熟悉患者行为的照料者。此处报告的研究证明了其内容效度、同时效度以及评分者间信度、重测信度和内部一致性信度；该工具既有效又可靠。NPI具有以下优点：与现有工具相比，它能评估更广泛的精神病理学表现，获取可能区分不同痴呆病因的信息，区分行为变化的严重程度和频率，并尽量缩短施测时间。
