Aggazzotti G, Fantuzzi G, Predieri G, Righi E, Moscardelli S
Sci Total Environ. 1994 Nov 25;156(2):133-7. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(94)90349-2.
Perchloroethylene (PCE) is the most widely used solvent in dry-cleaning; it is toxic to the liver, kidney and central nervous system and may be a human carcinogen. PCE levels in the ambient air of dry-cleaners' homes were measured, and samples of end-exhaled air (alveolar air) from subjects who were not themselves occupationally exposed, but who were members of the household of dry-cleaners were compared with samples from the general population. Thirty apartments were visited housing dry-cleaners and their families, and located well away from the dry-cleaning premises. Indoor air samples and alveolar air samples were collected contemporaneously from the dry-cleaners (36) and members of their household (34). The same sampling procedure was followed in 25 private homes where samples of alveolar air were collected from 41 subjects who were not occupationally exposed and who acted as control group. All the samples were analysed by direct-injection gas-chromatography. PCE levels in dry-cleaners' homes proved to be significantly higher than in control houses (geometric means: 265 vs. 2 micrograms/m3, P < 0.001). PCE levels in the alveolar air exhaled by dry-cleaners, their family members and control subjects were statistically different (geometric means: 5140, 225 and 3 micrograms/m3, respectively; P < 0.001). PCE is a ubiquitous substance in indoor air, but is present at higher concentrations in apartments where dry-cleaners and their families live. Biological monitoring of PCE in alveolar air confirms that family members of dry-cleaners are more exposed than the general population.
全氯乙烯（PCE）是干洗行业使用最为广泛的溶剂；它对肝脏、肾脏和中枢神经系统有毒性，可能是一种人类致癌物。研究人员测量了干洗店员工家中的环境空气中的PCE水平，并将那些本身未从事干洗职业、但却是干洗店员工家庭成员的受试者的终末呼出气体（肺泡气）样本，与来自普通人群的样本进行了比较。研究人员走访了30套住着干洗店员工及其家人的公寓，这些公寓距离干洗店较远。同时从干洗店员工（36人）及其家庭成员（34人）那里采集了室内空气样本和肺泡气样本。在25户普通家庭中采用了相同的采样程序，从41名未从事干洗职业的受试者那里采集了肺泡气样本，这些受试者作为对照组。所有样本均通过直接进样气相色谱法进行分析。结果表明，干洗店员工家中的PCE水平显著高于对照家庭（几何平均值：265 vs. 2微克/立方米，P < 0.001）。干洗店员工、其家庭成员和对照受试者呼出的肺泡气中的PCE水平在统计学上存在差异（几何平均值分别为：5140、225和3微克/立方米；P < 0.001）。PCE是室内空气中普遍存在的物质，但在干洗店员工及其家人居住的公寓中，其浓度更高。对肺泡气中PCE的生物监测证实，干洗店员工的家庭成员比普通人群接触的PCE更多。
