Bulpitt C J, Shipley M J, Broughton P M, Fletcher A E, Markowe H L, Marmot M G, Semmence A, Rose G
Division of Geriatric Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
Aging (Milano). 1994 Jun;6(3):181-91. doi: 10.1007/BF03324236.
Indicators of ageing were measured in 397 male and 130 female London Civil Servants aged from 37 to 58 years of age. Grey hair, skin inelasticity, and arcus senilis were strongly and independently related to chronological age. Also independently related were serum albumin (negatively related in both sexes), baldness, serum creatinine, systolic blood pressure, serum calcium (negatively) and ESR in men, and serum cholesterol in women. Chronological age was regressed on the above variables for men and women separately to provide regression equations. Biological age for an individual was calculated by entering his or her results and calculating the residuals. Biological age in those who stopped smoking tended to be younger than chronological age by an average of 12-13 months in men and 1-4 months in women. Men and women who had never smoked had higher biological than actual ages but not after adjusting for regression dilution bias. Men who currently smoked had higher biological ages of 2-3 months but not women smokers (4-6 months lower). Similarly, men of lower employment grades had an average biological age 13 months older and women 8 months, compared with higher employment grades. These differences between employment grade appeared to be due to ESR, arcus senilis, systolic blood pressure and serum cholesterol. These four measurements may be markers of biological rather than chronological age, and the value of attempting to measure biological age is discussed.
对397名年龄在37至58岁之间的男性伦敦公务员和130名年龄在37至58岁之间的女性伦敦公务员进行了衰老指标测量。白发、皮肤缺乏弹性和角膜老年环与实际年龄密切且独立相关。血清白蛋白（在两性中均呈负相关）、秃顶、血清肌酐、收缩压、血清钙（呈负相关）以及男性的血沉率（ESR）和女性的血清胆固醇也与实际年龄独立相关。分别对男性和女性的上述变量进行实际年龄回归，以提供回归方程。通过输入个人的测量结果并计算残差来计算个体的生物学年龄。戒烟者的生物学年龄往往比实际年龄年轻，男性平均年轻12至13个月，女性平均年轻1至4个月。从不吸烟的男性和女性的生物学年龄高于实际年龄，但在调整回归稀释偏差后则不然。目前吸烟的男性生物学年龄高2至3个月，但女性吸烟者并非如此（低4至6个月）。同样，与高职业等级相比，低职业等级的男性生物学年龄平均大13个月，女性大8个月。职业等级之间的这些差异似乎归因于血沉率、角膜老年环、收缩压和血清胆固醇。这四项测量指标可能是生物学年龄而非实际年龄的标志物，并对尝试测量生物学年龄的价值进行了讨论。
