Wiklund K, Dich J
Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Cancer Causes Control. 1994 Sep;5(5):449-57. doi: 10.1007/BF01694759.
There are few studies on cancer risks among female farmers, particularly on breast cancer and cancer in female genital organs. We have conducted a cohort study of cancer risk among 50,682 women with occupations in agriculture according to the Swedish 1970 census. The cohort was followed up in the nationwide, population-based, Cancer-Environment Register from 1 January 1971 until death or until 31 December 1987. Expected number of cases was based on annual cancer incidence in five-year age groups. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was computed as the ratio between observed and expected number of cases. A total of 4,474 cases of cancer were observed in the cohort from 1971 until 1987 cf 5,273 expected, resulting in a significantly decreased SIR of 0.85 (95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 0.82-0.87). SIR for breast cancer was significantly decreased (0.83, CI = 0.78-0.88), as was the SIR for cervix uteri (0.40, CI = 0.31-0.50). For the other female genital organs, SIR was close to one. Other cancer sites with significantly decreased SIRs were: colon (0.90, CI = 0.81-1.00); rectum (0.86, CI = 0.74-1.00); lung (0.46, CI = 0.37-0.57); kidney (0.81, CI = 0.68-0.97); urinary organs (0.57, CI = 0.45-0.72); connective tissue and muscle (0.62, CI = 0.39-0.95); and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (0.78, CI = 0.63-0.96).
针对女性农民患癌风险的研究较少，尤其是关于乳腺癌和女性生殖器官癌症的研究。我们根据瑞典1970年人口普查，对50682名从事农业工作的女性进行了一项癌症风险队列研究。该队列从1971年1月1日起在全国性的、基于人群的癌症-环境登记处进行随访，直至死亡或1987年12月31日。预期病例数基于五岁年龄组的年度癌症发病率。标准化发病率（SIR）计算为观察到的病例数与预期病例数之比。1971年至1987年期间，该队列共观察到4474例癌症病例，而预期病例数为5273例，导致SIR显著降低至0.85（95%置信区间[CI]=0.82-0.87）。乳腺癌的SIR显著降低（0.83，CI=0.78-0.88），子宫颈癌的SIR也显著降低（0.40，CI=0.31-0.50）。对于其他女性生殖器官，SIR接近1。SIR显著降低的其他癌症部位包括：结肠（0.90，CI=0.81-1.00）；直肠（0.86，CI=0.74-1.00）；肺（0.46，CI=0.37-0.57）；肾（0.81，CI=0.68-0.97）；泌尿器官（0.57，CI=0.45-0.72）；结缔组织和肌肉（0.62，CI=0.39-0.95）；以及非霍奇金淋巴瘤（0.78，CI=0.63-0.96）。
