Kvasnicka J, Flack J M, Grimm R H
University of Minnesota Medical School, Division of General and Preventive Medicine, Minneapolis.
Drugs Aging. 1994 Apr;4(4):304-12. doi: 10.2165/00002512-199404040-00003.
Treating hypertension reduces morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, hypertension often exists in patients with other medical conditions. In these patients, the selection of an antihypertensive agent is often influenced by the presence of the coexisting condition. Conversely, the treatment of the coexisting medical condition may be influenced by the presence of hypertension. Given the vast array of antihypertensive medications available today, appropriate treatment of both hypertension and coexisting conditions can be achieved with careful selection of medications. This review discusses factors to consider when treating elderly patients with hypertension with the following coexisting conditions: dyslipidaemia, glucose intolerance, sexual dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, renal disease and neuropsychiatric disorders. Hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and various states of high cardiac output may cause hypertension. These conditions should be identified, since they are often treatable with subsequent resolution of the hypertension.
治疗高血压可降低发病率和死亡率。不幸的是，高血压常存在于患有其他疾病的患者中。在这些患者中，抗高血压药物的选择往往受到并存疾病的影响。相反，并存疾病的治疗可能会受到高血压的影响。鉴于当今有大量的抗高血压药物，通过谨慎选择药物可以实现对高血压和并存疾病的恰当治疗。本综述讨论了在治疗患有以下并存疾病的老年高血压患者时需要考虑的因素：血脂异常、糖耐量异常、性功能障碍、心血管疾病、肺部疾病、肾脏疾病和神经精神障碍。甲状腺功能减退、甲状腺功能亢进和各种高心输出量状态可能导致高血压。应识别出这些情况，因为它们通常可通过后续治疗使高血压得到缓解。
