Humes L E, Watson B U, Christensen L A, Cokely C G, Halling D C, Lee L
Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington.
J Speech Hear Res. 1994 Apr;37(2):465-74. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3702.465.
In the present study, the speech-recognition performance of 50 subjects aged 63 to 83 years was measured for a wide range of materials (nonsense syllables, monosyllabic words, sentences) and listening conditions (presentation levels of 70 and 90 dB SPL, both in quiet and in a noise background). In addition to complete audiologic evaluations, measures of auditory processing (the Test of Basic Auditory Capabilities [TBAC], Watson, 1987) and cognitive function (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised [WAIS-R], and the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised [WMS-R], Wechsler, 1981, 1987) were obtained from all subjects. Principal component analyses were applied to each of the three sets of measures (speech-recognition, auditory, and cognitive) prior to examining associations among the sets using canonical analyses. Two principal components captured most of the systematic variation in performance sampled by the set of 20 speech-recognition measures. Hearing loss emerged as the single largest factor associated with individual differences in speech-recognition performance among the elderly, accounting for 70-75% of the total variance in speech-recognition performance, with the measures of auditory processing and cognitive function accounting for little or no additional variance.
在本研究中，对50名年龄在63至83岁之间的受试者在多种材料（无意义音节、单音节词、句子）和聆听条件（70和90 dB SPL的呈现水平，包括安静环境和噪声背景）下的言语识别表现进行了测量。除了完整的听力学评估外，还从所有受试者那里获得了听觉处理测量（基本听觉能力测试[TBAC]，沃森，1987年）和认知功能测量（韦氏成人智力量表修订版[WAIS-R]以及韦氏记忆量表修订版[WMS-R]，韦克斯勒，1981年、1987年）。在使用典型分析检查各测量集之间的关联之前，对三组测量（言语识别、听觉和认知）中的每一组都进行了主成分分析。两个主成分捕获了由20项言语识别测量所采样的表现中的大部分系统变异。听力损失成为与老年人言语识别表现个体差异相关的单一最大因素，占言语识别表现总方差的70 - 75%，而听觉处理和认知功能测量仅占很少或几乎不占额外方差。
