不会移动婴儿的意外事故及由此导致的伤害：来自阿冯纵向研究孕期父母与儿童队列（ALSPAC）研究的数据
Accidents and resulting injuries in premobile infants: data from the ALSPAC study.
作者信息
Warrington S A, Wright C M
机构信息
Community Child Health Unit, Department of Child Health, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE8 6ET, UK.
出版信息
Arch Dis Child. 2001 Aug;85(2):104-7. doi: 10.1136/adc.85.2.104.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Little is known about injuries resulting from accidents in premobile infants. We aimed to describe the pattern of minor accidents in infants and their resulting injuries.
METHODS
The ALSPAC study collected data in successive postal questionnaires. At 6 months of age, parents were asked to describe any accident since birth. The type of fall, distance fallen, resulting injury, and help sought were independently coded. Burns were similarly coded.
RESULTS
A total of 11 466 responses were available. In 2554 children, 3357 falls were reported; 53% fell from beds or settees and 12% fell from arms or while being carried. Only 14% reported visible injury, of which 56% were bruises; 97% of injuries specified involved the head. Only 21 falls (<1%) resulted in concussion or fracture. A burn or scald occurred in 172 cases (1.5%). The main causes of scalds were hot drinks and water, with contact burns caused by radiators, cookers, and hot food.
CONCLUSIONS
Falls in young infants are common while burns are rare. Injuries from falls are infrequent, predominantly trivial, and almost entirely confined to the head. Falls from beds and settees did not result in skull fractures. Serious injury was the result of complex accidents.
背景与目的
对于尚不能自主活动的婴儿因意外导致的损伤，我们了解甚少。我们旨在描述婴儿轻微意外的模式及其所致损伤。
方法
阿冯纵向父母与儿童研究（ALSPAC）通过连续的邮寄问卷收集数据。在婴儿6个月大时，要求父母描述自婴儿出生以来发生的任何意外。对跌倒类型、跌落距离、所致损伤以及寻求的帮助进行独立编码。烧伤情况也进行类似编码。
结果
共获得11466份回复。在2554名儿童中，报告了3357次跌倒；53%是从床或长椅上跌落，12%是从怀抱中或被抱着时跌落。只有14%报告有可见损伤，其中56%为瘀伤；所提及损伤中97%涉及头部。只有21次跌倒（<1%）导致脑震荡或骨折。172例（1.5%）发生烧伤或烫伤。烫伤的主要原因是热饮和热水，接触性烧伤由散热器、炉灶和热食物引起。
结论
年幼儿童跌倒很常见，而烧伤很少见。跌倒所致损伤不常见，主要为轻伤，且几乎完全局限于头部。从床和长椅上跌落未导致颅骨骨折。严重损伤是复杂意外的结果。
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