Williams O A, Clarke F L, Harris R W, Smith P, Peacock J E
Department of Anaesthesia, University of Sheffield Medical School.
Anaesthesia. 1993 Oct;48(10):881-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1993.tb07419.x.
A double-blind trial of the effect of droperidol on the incidence of nausea and vomiting in patients using patient-controlled analgesia was carried out in 60 healthy women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. After a standard anaesthetic including droperidol 2.5 mg as a prophylactic antiemetic, patients were randomly allocated to receive postoperative patient-controlled analgesia with either morphine alone (2 mg.ml-1) or morphine (2 mg.ml-1) with droperidol (0.2 mg.ml-1) added to the syringe. Verbal scores and visual analogue scores for nausea, vomiting, pain and sedation were made at 4, 12 and 24 h postoperatively, and any requirement for intramuscular prochlorperazine noted. There was no difference between the groups at any time in the amount of morphine consumed or in pain scores. At 12 h, patients receiving droperidol experienced significantly less nausea, and over the first 24 h, 31% required prochlorperazine compared with 59.3% of patients not receiving droperidol. The number of patients with sedation at 24 h was significantly greater in the droperidol group. We conclude that the addition of droperidol to morphine both reduces nausea and the need for further antiemetic treatment.
对60例接受腹部子宫切除术的健康女性进行了一项双盲试验，以研究氟哌利多对使用患者自控镇痛的患者恶心和呕吐发生率的影响。在给予包括2.5 mg氟哌利多作为预防性止吐药的标准麻醉后，患者被随机分配接受术后患者自控镇痛，一种是仅使用吗啡（2 mg/ml），另一种是在注射器中加入氟哌利多（0.2 mg/ml）的吗啡（2 mg/ml）。在术后4、12和24小时记录恶心、呕吐、疼痛和镇静的语言评分和视觉模拟评分，并记录任何肌肉注射异丙嗪的需求。两组在任何时候的吗啡消耗量或疼痛评分均无差异。在12小时时，接受氟哌利多的患者恶心明显较少，在最初的24小时内，31%的患者需要异丙嗪，而未接受氟哌利多的患者为59.3%。氟哌利多组在24小时时出现镇静的患者数量明显更多。我们得出结论，在吗啡中加入氟哌利多既能减少恶心，又能减少进一步使用止吐治疗的需求。
