Rose J E, Behm F M
Nicotine Research Laboratory (151-S), V.A. Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1994 Feb;34(3):225-9. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(94)90160-0.
Previous studies have suggested that sensory cues associated with cigarette smoking can suppress certain smoking withdrawal symptoms, including craving for cigarettes. In this study we investigated the subjective effects of a cigarette substitute delivering a vapor of black pepper essential oil. Forty-eight cigarette smokers participated in a 3-h session conducted after overnight deprivation from smoking. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: one group of smokers puffed on a device that delivered a vapor from essential oil of black pepper; a second group puffed on the device with a mint/menthol cartridge, and a third group used a device containing an empty cartridge. Subjects puffed and inhaled ad libitum from the device throughout the session during which no smoking was allowed. Reported craving for cigarettes was significantly reduced in the pepper condition relative to each of the two control conditions. In addition, negative affect and somatic symptoms of anxiety were alleviated in the pepper condition relative to the unflavored placebo. The intensity of sensations in the chest was also significantly higher for the pepper condition. These results support the view that respiratory tract sensations are important in alleviating smoking withdrawal symptoms. Cigarette substitutes delivering pepper constituents may prove useful in smoking cessation treatment.
先前的研究表明，与吸烟相关的感官线索可以抑制某些戒烟症状，包括对香烟的渴望。在本研究中，我们调查了一种释放黑胡椒精油蒸汽的香烟替代品的主观效果。48名吸烟者在戒烟过夜后参加了一个3小时的实验环节。受试者被随机分配到三种条件之一：一组吸烟者使用一种能释放黑胡椒精油蒸汽的装置进行抽吸；第二组吸烟者使用装有薄荷/薄荷醇滤芯的装置进行抽吸，第三组使用装有空滤芯的装置。在整个实验环节中，受试者可以随意从装置中抽吸和吸入，期间不允许吸烟。与两个对照条件相比，在黑胡椒条件下，报告的对香烟的渴望显著降低。此外，与无味安慰剂相比，在黑胡椒条件下，负面情绪和焦虑的躯体症状得到缓解。黑胡椒条件下胸部的感觉强度也显著更高。这些结果支持了呼吸道感觉在缓解戒烟症状中很重要的观点。释放胡椒成分的香烟替代品可能被证明对戒烟治疗有用。
