Ochera J, Hilton S, Bland J M, Jones D R, Dowell A C
Department of General Practice, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
Fam Pract. 1994 Mar;11(1):26-34. doi: 10.1093/fampra/11.1.26.
The 1990 contract for general practitioners in the UK offered incentives for them to organize health promotion clinics and required them to perform 'lifestyle' checkups of their patients every 3 years, despite uncertainty about the impact of such checks on patient health. To address this lack of appropriate evaluation, a follow-up study to assess benefits in terms of patient behaviour and health resulting from the introduction of lifestyle checkups in general practice in a sample of more than 7000 patients aged 30-70 from 18 practices in three FHSA areas (in south London, Surrey and Yorkshire) has been performed. Eighteen per cent of the random sample of patients reported having a health check in the previous year. A full health check comprising measurement of blood pressure, height and weight, urinalysis and questioning about smoking habits, alcohol consumption, exercise, diet and family illnesses had been given to 29% of respondents reporting a health check of any kind. Respondents in less privileged socioeconomic groups were more likely to have had a health check, but less likely to have had a 'full' check. Reactions to the checks were mainly positive; 81% regarded the check as helpful, and only 6% reported it to be worrying and 6% a waste of time. The implications for the new health promotion banding system in the UK are discussed.
1990年英国针对全科医生的合同为他们组织健康促进诊所提供了激励措施，并要求他们每三年为患者进行一次“生活方式”检查，尽管此类检查对患者健康的影响尚不确定。为了解决缺乏适当评估的问题，开展了一项后续研究，以评估在来自三个家庭健康服务管理局（FHSA）地区（伦敦南部、萨里和约克郡）18家诊所的7000多名30至70岁患者样本中，全科医疗引入生活方式检查后在患者行为和健康方面的益处。随机抽取的患者样本中有18%报告称上一年进行过健康检查。在报告进行过任何形式健康检查的受访者中，29%接受了包括测量血压、身高和体重、尿液分析以及询问吸烟习惯、饮酒情况、运动、饮食和家族疾病等在内的全面健康检查。社会经济地位较低的受访者进行健康检查的可能性更大，但进行“全面”检查的可能性较小。对这些检查的反应主要是积极的；81%的人认为检查有帮助，只有6%的人报告检查令人担忧，6%的人认为检查是浪费时间。文中还讨论了对英国新的健康促进分级系统的影响。
