Waldor M K, Mekalanos J J
Dept. of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
J Infect Dis. 1994 Aug;170(2):278-83. doi: 10.1093/infdis/170.2.278.
In October 1992, a non-O1 strain of Vibrio cholerae emerged as a cause of epidemic cholera in India and Bangladesh. This antigenically novel clone has been designated serogroup O139 synonym Bengal. Since its emergence, V. cholerae O139 has caused a massive cholera epidemic throughout and beyond the Indian subcontinent. Molecular analysis of virulence determinants in clinical isolates suggests that O139 strains are highly related to El Tor O1 strains. Unlike other non-O1 strains, O139 strains carry multiple copies of the cholera toxin genetic element and also genes for the toxin-coregulated pilus. These results guided construction of a live V. cholerae O139 vaccine prototype through deletion of genes for at least four specific virulence determinants (ctxA, ace, zot, and cep) as well as other factors involved in site-specific and homologous recombination (RS1, attRS1, and recA). It is hoped that this attenuated live vaccine will help control the pandemic spread of V. cholerae O139.
1992年10月，一种非O1群霍乱弧菌在印度和孟加拉国成为霍乱流行的病因。这种抗原性新颖的克隆菌株被命名为O139血清群（同义词孟加拉型）。自出现以来，O139霍乱弧菌在整个印度次大陆及以外地区引发了大规模霍乱疫情。对临床分离株毒力决定因素的分子分析表明，O139菌株与埃尔托O1菌株高度相关。与其他非O1菌株不同，O139菌株携带多个霍乱毒素遗传元件拷贝以及毒素共调节菌毛的基因。这些结果指导了一种活的O139霍乱弧菌疫苗原型的构建，通过缺失至少四个特定毒力决定因素（ctxA、ace、zot和cep）的基因以及参与位点特异性和同源重组的其他因子（RS1、attRS1和recA）。希望这种减毒活疫苗将有助于控制O139霍乱弧菌的大流行传播。
