Engelkamp J, Zimmer H D, Mohr G, Sellen O
Department of Psychology, University of the Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Mem Cognit. 1994 Jan;22(1):34-9. doi: 10.3758/bf03202759.
Two experiments focused on whether performing actions described by to-be-remembered phrases during recognition enhances recognition compared with results of a standard verbal recognition test. The enhancement was predicted when the actions described by the phrases had been performed during study, but not when the phrases were verbally encoded by simply listening to and memorizing the material. Both experiments showed that enactment prior to recognition improved memory performance, but only when subjects had encoded by enactment. Experiment 1 also demonstrated that this test-procedure effect was independent of a bizarreness effect, which was observed only with the verbal encoding task. Experiment 2 showed that the effect of enactment during recognition was reduced when subjects used different hands for performing the actions during study and recognition. The findings support the assumption that some kind of motor memory record underlies the enactment effect that occurs when actions are performed during recognition.
两项实验聚焦于与标准言语识别测试结果相比，在识别过程中执行待记忆短语所描述的动作是否能增强识别效果。当短语所描述的动作在学习过程中已经执行时，预计会出现增强效果，但当短语只是通过简单听和记忆材料进行言语编码时则不会。两项实验均表明，识别前的动作表现改善了记忆表现，但前提是受试者通过动作表现进行了编码。实验1还表明，这种测试程序效应独立于怪异效应，怪异效应仅在言语编码任务中观察到。实验2表明，当受试者在学习和识别过程中使用不同的手来执行动作时，识别过程中动作表现的效果会降低。这些发现支持了这样一种假设，即某种运动记忆记录是识别过程中执行动作时出现的动作表现效应的基础。
