Stich A H, Maxwell C A, Haji A A, Haji D M, Machano A Y, Mussa J K, Matteelli A, Haji H, Curtis C F
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Mar-Apr;88(2):150-4. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(94)90271-2.
There has been concern that impregnated bed nets are an insufficiently powerful method to control malaria in areas with very high perennial transmission, as in the humid lowland parts of tropical Africa. We carried out a 'cross-over' trial among children under 5 years of age in 2 villages in rural Zanzibar. In 1989, one village was supplied with newly permethrin-impregnated bed nets whereas the other served as unprotected control. In 1992, when those nets had lost their insecticidal activity and were badly torn, the village which had previously been the control was given newly impregnated bed nets. Each time, reinfection with Plasmodium falciparum was measured after initially clearing the parasites by administering a therapeutic dose of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine. The introduction of bed nets led to a 74-78% reduction in the weekly rate of reinfection with malaria parasites, in all age groups. The nets apparently also affected perceived clinical symptoms, haemoglobin levels, and the mosquito sporozoite rate.
有人担心，在常年疟疾传播率很高的地区，如热带非洲的潮湿低地地区，浸渍蚊帐作为控制疟疾的方法效力不足。我们在桑给巴尔农村的两个村庄对5岁以下儿童进行了一项“交叉”试验。1989年，一个村庄得到了新的经氯菊酯浸渍的蚊帐，而另一个村庄作为无保护的对照。1992年，当那些蚊帐失去杀虫活性且破损严重时，之前作为对照的村庄得到了新的浸渍蚊帐。每次在通过给予治疗剂量的周效磺胺/乙胺嘧啶清除寄生虫后，测量恶性疟原虫的再感染情况。引入蚊帐后，所有年龄组的疟疾寄生虫每周再感染率降低了74%至78%。蚊帐显然还影响了感知到的临床症状、血红蛋白水平和蚊子的子孢子率。
