对接触钴金属、钴盐、钴氧化物和硬质合金粉尘的工人进行生物监测。
Biological monitoring of workers exposed to cobalt metal, salt, oxides, and hard metal dust.
作者信息
Lison D, Buchet J P, Swennen B, Molders J, Lauwerys R
机构信息
Industrial Toxicology and Occupational Medicine Unit, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 1994 Jul;51(7):447-50. doi: 10.1136/oem.51.7.447.
OBJECTIVE
The aim was to examine the relation between environmental and biological (blood and urine) indices of exposure to different chemical forms of cobalt.
METHODS
A cross sectional study was undertaken in workers exposed to cobalt metal, oxides, and salts in a refinery and to a mixture of cobalt and tungsten carbide in a hard metal producing plant.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
Although biological monitoring of workers exposed to cobalt oxides showed higher blood and urine concentrations than in non-exposed subjects, these indices poorly reflected the recent exposure level. By contrast, when exposure was to soluble cobalt compounds (metal, salts, and hard metals), the measurement of urine or blood cobalt at the end of the workweek could be recommended for the assessment of recent exposure. An eight hour exposure to 20 or 50 micrograms/m3 of a soluble form of cobalt would lead to an average concentration in a postshift urine sample collected at the end of the workweek of 18.2 or 32.4 micrograms of cobalt/g creatinine, respectively.
目的
旨在研究接触不同化学形态钴的环境指标与生物指标（血液和尿液）之间的关系。
方法
对一家精炼厂中接触金属钴、氧化钴和钴盐的工人以及一家硬质合金生产厂中接触钴与碳化钨混合物的工人进行了横断面研究。
结果与结论
尽管对接触氧化钴的工人进行生物监测显示其血液和尿液中的钴浓度高于未接触者，但这些指标并不能很好地反映近期的接触水平。相比之下，当接触的是可溶性钴化合物（金属、盐和硬质合金）时，建议在工作周结束时测量尿液或血液中的钴，以评估近期接触情况。每周工作八小时接触20或50微克/立方米的可溶性钴，在工作周结束时采集的轮班后尿液样本中，钴的平均浓度分别为18.2或32.4微克钴/克肌酐。
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