Kay A, Trinder J, Bowes G, Kim Y
School of Behavioural Science and Institute of Adolescent Health, University of Melbourne, Australia.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1994 Apr;76(4):1600-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1994.76.4.1600.
Ventilation is lower during sleep than wakefulness. An increase in airway resistance has been proposed as the critical factor. As the change in ventilation has been shown to occur abruptly at transitions between alpha and theta electroencephalogram activity, it was of interest to determine whether the increase in airway resistance between wakefulness and sleep also occurs at these transitions. Three young healthy male subjects were run for an average of 15 sleep onsets in each of three conditions. The three conditions were 1) an esophageal balloon was put in place to allow the measurement of airway resistance, 2) in addition to an esophageal balloon the nose was occluded, and 3) there was no esophageal balloon and the nose was not occluded. Ventilation and airway resistance were measured during sleep onset and analyzed as a function of arousal state. In those conditions of the experiment in which airway resistance was affected by state, the changes, like those in ventilation, occurred at transitions between alpha and theta electroencephalogram activity. However, in the three subjects studied, the magnitude of ventilatory changes at alpha-theta transitions and the extent to which changes in ventilation were associated with changes in airway resistance differed between subjects. It was concluded that although inspiratory airway resistance is a major component affecting the state-related changes in ventilation at sleep onset, the degree of its contribution may vary over individuals.
睡眠期间的通气量低于清醒时。气道阻力增加被认为是关键因素。由于已表明通气量的变化在脑电图从α波活动向θ波活动转变时会突然发生，因此确定清醒与睡眠之间气道阻力的增加是否也发生在这些转变时很有意义。三名年轻健康男性受试者在三种条件下平均进行了15次入睡过程测试。这三种条件分别是：1）放置食管气囊以测量气道阻力；2）除食管气囊外，鼻子被堵塞；3）既没有食管气囊，鼻子也未被堵塞。在入睡过程中测量通气量和气道阻力，并根据觉醒状态进行分析。在实验中气道阻力受状态影响的那些条件下，其变化与通气量变化一样，发生在脑电图从α波活动向θ波活动转变时。然而，在所研究的三名受试者中，α波 - θ波转变时通气量变化的幅度以及通气量变化与气道阻力变化的相关程度在受试者之间存在差异。得出的结论是，尽管吸气气道阻力是影响入睡时与状态相关的通气量变化的主要因素，但其贡献程度可能因个体而异。
