de Vries H, Backbier E
Department of Health Education, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Prev Med. 1994 Mar;23(2):167-74. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1994.1023.
The transtheoretical model and a revised model of planned behavior were used to study the motives of pregnant women to quit or to continue smoking. The goal was to explore possibilities for tailored advice based on the motivational stage of pregnant women.
A cross-sectional study included 103 pregnant women who smoked and 40 women who had quit during the last year. Five groups were formed: precontemplators, contemplators, actors, maintainers, and relapsers. Attitudes, social influences, self-efficacy, intention, and behavior were measured.
Precontemplators had a more negative attitude toward quitting than the other groups. Actors encountered more positive social influences for quitting. Actors and maintainers had greater self-efficacy than precontemplators and contemplators. Maintainers had greater self-efficacy than actors.
Health education for pregnant women who smoke can be tailored toward their motivational stage. Precontemplators need information on the consequences of smoking and quitting for themselves and their baby to create a positive attitude. Contemplators and relapsers need information on coping with barriers that prevent them from quitting, in order to create greater self-efficacy. Post-delivery relapse prevention strategies are needed.
采用跨理论模型和计划行为修正模型研究孕妇戒烟或继续吸烟的动机。目的是根据孕妇的动机阶段探索提供个性化建议的可能性。
一项横断面研究纳入了103名吸烟孕妇和40名在过去一年中已戒烟的女性。分为五组：未打算改变者、打算改变者、行动者、维持者和复发者。测量了态度、社会影响、自我效能感、意图和行为。
未打算改变者对戒烟的态度比其他组更消极。行动者在戒烟方面遇到更多积极的社会影响。行动者和维持者比未打算改变者和打算改变者具有更高的自我效能感。维持者比行动者具有更高的自我效能感。
对吸烟孕妇的健康教育可根据其动机阶段进行调整。未打算改变者需要了解吸烟及戒烟对自身和胎儿的影响，以形成积极态度。打算改变者和复发者需要了解应对阻碍其戒烟的障碍的信息，以提高自我效能感。产后需要采取预防复发的策略。
