Belknap E B, Collins J K, Ayers V K, Schultheiss P C
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins.
Vet Pathol. 1994 May;31(3):358-65. doi: 10.1177/030098589403100309.
A type of bovine herpesvirus, BHV-1.3, causes encephalitis in calves, whereas BHV-1.1 causes respiratory disease. Three colostrum-deprived calves and two colostrum-fed calves were inoculated with BHV-1.3 by intranasal aerosolization. Two colostrum-deprived calves were inoculated with BHV-1.1 by intranasal aerosolization. BHV-1.3-inoculated calves demonstrated severe encephalitis with minimal respiratory lesions, and BHV-1.1-inoculated calves demonstrated severe respiratory lesions and no clinical signs of neurologic disease. Calves fed colostrum that contained virus neutralizing antibodies were protected against neurologic disease. Colostrum-fed BHV-1.3-inoculated calves did not develop disease although they did become infected; virus was shed in respiratory secretions for 10-13 days postinoculation, similar to infected colostrum-deprived calves. BHV-1.3 was reactivated from a latent state from one colostrum-fed calf after administration of dexamethasone 60 days postinoculation. Histopathologic examination of the three colostrum-deprived BHV-1.3-inoculated calves revealed severe lesions of encephalitis. One of the two BHV-1.1-inoculated calves had one focal lesion of encephalitis. Virus was isolated from brain tissue of colostrum-deprived BHV-1.3-inoculated calves and from one BHV-1.1-inoculated calf. Immunohistochemical staining for BHV-1 antigen was observed in neurons from the colostrum-deprived BHV-1.3-inoculated calves.
一种牛疱疹病毒，即BHV - 1.3，可导致犊牛患脑炎，而BHV - 1.1则引起呼吸道疾病。对三头未摄入初乳的犊牛和两头摄入初乳的犊牛通过鼻内雾化接种BHV - 1.3。对两头未摄入初乳的犊牛通过鼻内雾化接种BHV - 1.1。接种BHV - 1.3的犊牛表现出严重的脑炎，呼吸道病变轻微；接种BHV - 1.1的犊牛表现出严重的呼吸道病变，且无神经疾病的临床症状。摄入含有病毒中和抗体初乳的犊牛对神经疾病具有抵抗力。摄入初乳且接种BHV - 1.3的犊牛虽被感染但未发病；接种后10 - 13天，病毒在呼吸道分泌物中排出，这与感染的未摄入初乳的犊牛相似。接种后60天，给一头摄入初乳的犊牛注射地塞米松后，BHV - 1.3从潜伏状态被激活。对三头未摄入初乳且接种BHV - 1.3的犊牛进行组织病理学检查，发现有严重的脑炎病变。在两头接种BHV - 1.1的犊牛中，有一头出现了一处局灶性脑炎病变。从未摄入初乳且接种BHV - 1.3的犊牛的脑组织以及一头接种BHV - 1.1的犊牛中分离出了病毒。在未摄入初乳且接种BHV - 1.3的犊牛的神经元中观察到了BHV - 1抗原的免疫组织化学染色。
