Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Sharkia, Egypt.
Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Sharkia, Egypt.
PLoS One. 2022 May 5;17(5):e0267036. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267036. eCollection 2022.
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the costliest complex disease affecting the cattle industry worldwide, with significant economic losses. BRD pathogenesis involves several interactions between microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses, and management factors. The present study aimed to characterize the nasal virome from 43 pooled nasal swab samples collected from Egyptian nonvaccinated cow-calf operations with acute BRD from January to February 2020 using metagenomic sequencing. Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), first detection of bovine herpesvirus-5 (BHV-5), and first detection of bovine parvovirus-3 (BPV-3) were the most commonly identified in Egyptian cattle. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein B revealed that the BHV-1 isolate is closely related to the Cooper reference strain (genotype 1.1), whereas the BHV-5 isolate is closely related to the reference virus GenBank NP_954920.1. In addition, the whole-genome sequence of BPV-3 showed 93.02% nucleotide identity with the reference virus GenBank AF406967.1. In this study, several DNA viruses, such as BHV-1 and first detection BHV-5, and BPV-3, were detected and may have an association with the BRD in Egyptian cattle. Therefore, further research, including investigating more samples from different locations to determine the prevalence of detected viruses and their contributions to BRD in cattle in Egypt, is needed.
牛呼吸道疾病（BRD）是全球畜牧业中最昂贵的复杂疾病，造成了巨大的经济损失。BRD 的发病机制涉及微生物（如细菌和病毒）与管理因素之间的多种相互作用。本研究旨在使用宏基因组测序，对 2020 年 1 月至 2 月从埃及未接种疫苗的牛犊场急性 BRD 采集的 43 份混合鼻拭子样本的鼻病毒组进行特征描述。在埃及牛群中，最常检测到的是牛疱疹病毒 1（BHV-1）、牛疱疹病毒 5（BHV-5）的首次检测和牛细小病毒 3（BPV-3）。此外，糖蛋白 B 的系统进化分析表明，BHV-1 分离株与 Cooper 参考株（基因型 1.1）密切相关，而 BHV-5 分离株与参考病毒 GenBank NP_954920.1 密切相关。此外，BPV-3 的全基因组序列与参考病毒 GenBank AF406967.1 的核苷酸同一性为 93.02%。在本研究中，检测到几种 DNA 病毒，如 BHV-1 和首次检测到的 BHV-5 以及 BPV-3，它们可能与埃及牛的 BRD 有关。因此，需要进一步研究，包括从不同地点采集更多样本，以确定检测到的病毒的流行率及其对埃及牛 BRD 的贡献。
