Dougherty D M, Cherek D R, Roache J D
Human Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, University of Texas-Houston 77030.
J Exp Anal Behav. 1994 Jul;62(1):73-87. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1994.62-73.
In three experiments, 8 human subjects participated in a study of the effects of smoked marijuana on progressive-interval schedule performance. A two-component chained progressive-interval fixed-interval schedule of point delivery was used. In the progressive-interval component, the interval length began at 20 s and increased either geometrically or arithmetically (by either 20 s, 40 s, 80 s, 100 s, or 160 s) on each subsequent interval. After this interval elapsed, a single button press produced the fixed-interval component, with a total of five reinforcers of varying magnitude ($0.05, $0.20, or $0.40) available on a fixed-interval 20-s schedule. After the five reinforcer deliveries, the schedule returned to the initial progressive-interval component. Several relationships were found among rates of responding, postreinforcement pauses and drug administration in the progressive-interval component: (a) Postreinforcement pauses increased as the temporal requirements of the progressive-interval schedule increased; (b) rates of responding during successive progressive-interval components rapidly decreased to low rates of responding after the first few progressions; (c) postreinforcement pauses decreased systematically as dose of smoked marijuana increased; and (d) rates of responding increased after smoking active marijuana but not after smoking placebo cigarettes. Results are discussed in the context of behavioral control and relevance to other studies that have investigated the effects of smoked marijuana on schedule performance.
在三项实验中，8名人类受试者参与了一项关于吸食大麻对累进间隔程序表现影响的研究。采用了一种双成分链式累进间隔固定间隔的点数交付程序。在累进间隔成分中，间隔长度从20秒开始，在随后的每个间隔中以几何或算术方式增加（增加20秒、40秒、80秒、100秒或160秒）。在这个间隔过去后，单次按键会产生固定间隔成分，在固定间隔20秒的程序中有总共五个不同大小（0.05美元、0.20美元或0.40美元）的强化物可供获取。在五次强化物交付后，程序回到初始的累进间隔成分。在累进间隔成分中，发现了反应率、强化后停顿和药物给药之间的几种关系：（a）强化后停顿随着累进间隔程序的时间要求增加而增加；（b）在连续的累进间隔成分中，反应率在最初几次递进后迅速下降到低反应率；（c）强化后停顿随着吸食大麻剂量的增加而系统性地减少；（d）吸食活性大麻后反应率增加，但吸食安慰剂香烟后反应率没有增加。结果将在行为控制的背景下进行讨论，并与其他研究吸食大麻对程序表现影响的研究相关联。
