Aickin R, Hill D, Kemp A
Department of Allergy, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
BMJ. 1994 Jul 23;309(6949):223-5. doi: 10.1136/bmj.309.6949.223.
To examine the occurrence of adverse reactions to measles vaccine given as a single dose to children with egg allergy, and to determine if the administration of single dose to children with a positive result in an intradermal skin prick test with the vaccine is associated with adverse reactions.
Review of results of immunisation and prospective study of 96 consecutively presenting children given intradermal skin testing with the vaccine.
Children's allergy centre.
410 children sensitive to egg referred to the allergy unit for advice about measles immunisation.
Nature and severity of reactions associated with the administration of measles vaccine.
All children had a positive result in a skin prick test with egg white, and five had a positive result in a skin prick test with vaccine. Of 96 consecutive children, 46 had a positive result in an intradermal test with vaccine. After immunisation with a full dose (0.5 ml) of vaccine adverse reactions were associated with a mild reaction in four children, none of whom required treatment. Only one of the 46 children with a positive result in an intradermal vaccine skin test had a reaction associated with vaccine administration. None of the children with a positive result in a skin prick test with measles vaccine reacted to the vaccine. The rate of minor reactions to the vaccine not requiring treatment was 0.98% (95% confidence interval 0.27% to 2.48%) and serious reactions requiring treatment was 0% (0% to 0.9%).
Children with IgE mediated allergic reactions to egg protein should be investigated and managed by practitioners with special knowledge in this subject. Measles immunisation should be performed in a setting where any adverse reactions can be dealt with appropriately. Skin tests and measles vaccine and desensitisation are not necessary.
研究对鸡蛋过敏的儿童单剂量接种麻疹疫苗后不良反应的发生情况，并确定皮内皮肤点刺试验结果为阳性的儿童单剂量接种疫苗是否与不良反应相关。
对免疫结果进行回顾，并对96名连续前来接受疫苗皮内试验的儿童进行前瞻性研究。
儿童过敏中心。
410名对鸡蛋敏感并转诊至过敏科咨询麻疹免疫问题的儿童。
接种麻疹疫苗相关反应的性质和严重程度。
所有儿童蛋清皮肤点刺试验结果均为阳性，5名儿童疫苗皮肤点刺试验结果为阳性。在96名连续儿童中，46名疫苗皮内试验结果为阳性。用全剂量（0.5毫升）疫苗免疫后，4名儿童出现轻度不良反应，均无需治疗。在46名疫苗皮内试验结果为阳性的儿童中，只有1名出现与疫苗接种相关的反应。麻疹疫苗皮肤点刺试验结果为阳性的儿童均未对疫苗产生反应。疫苗无需治疗的轻微反应发生率为0.98%（95%置信区间0.27%至2.48%），需要治疗的严重反应发生率为0%（0%至0.9%）。
对鸡蛋蛋白有IgE介导过敏反应的儿童应由该领域有专业知识的医生进行评估和处理。麻疹免疫接种应在能适当处理任何不良反应的环境中进行。无需进行皮肤试验、使用麻疹疫苗和脱敏治疗。
