Bíres J, Bartko P, Michna A, Weissová T, Bíresová M, Jencík F
Univerzita veterinárskeho lekárstva, Kosice.
Vet Med (Praha). 1994;39(7):355-76.
The objective of the paper was to investigate clinical and laboratory findings in heifers subjected to magnesite flue dust stress. A 50-day experiment was conducted in clinical conditions on five two-year heifers of the Slovak and Red Pied breeds at the live weight of 331 to 420 kg. All animals received dietary Mg from the source of magnesite flue dust at a rate of 500 mg/kg live weight. The test flue dust came from dust separation from electrostatic filters and contained these main elements: Mg (88%), Ca (1.6%), K (0.36%), Na (0.26%), Fe (1.89%), Zn (0.0026%), Cu (0.000294%) and trace amount of P. The clinical health of the animals was evaluated daily. Samples of blood, urine and dung were taken before the first administration of flue dust, on days 12, 30 and 50 of the experiment. The counts of erythrocytes, leucocytes, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value were determined in blood. Enzyme activities (AST, ALT, GMT), concentrations of total bilirubin, albumin, total proteins and total immunoglobulins were determined in blood serum. Contents of Mg, Ca, P, K, Na, Fe, Cu and Zn in blood serum, urine, dung and of the test pollutant were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry on a Perkin Elmer apparatus (model 306, 1100). Profuse diarrhea was a dominant clinical symptom in the animals which appeared in individual animals between 24th and 48th hour from the first intake of magnesite flue dust. Diarrhea lasted alternately in all heifers until day 50 of the experiment. As for the analyzed parameters of hematological profile during administration of the pollutant (Figs. 1-4), Hb and Hk (P < 0.01) increased significantly in the investigated animals on day 12 in comparison with the initial values. Out of the enzymes, AST and ALT activities showed most readily the feeding of magnesite flue dust (r = 0.99 and r = 0.92, resp.), Figs. 5 and 6. Correlation relationships between magnesite pollutant administration and bilirubinemia dynamics during the experiment indicated the correlation r = 0.53 (Fig. 8), r = 0.36 (Fig. 9) for total proteins, r = 0.75 (Fig. 10) for albumin and r = 0.93 (Fig. 11) for total immunoglobulins. In comparison with the initial values, Mg concentrations in blood serum and dung significantly increased from day 12 of experiment (P < 0.01 - Fig. 13) and in urine from day 30 (P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
本文的目的是研究遭受菱镁矿烟道灰尘应激的小母牛的临床和实验室检查结果。在临床条件下，对5头体重在331至420千克之间的两岁斯洛伐克和红白花品种小母牛进行了为期50天的试验。所有动物均从菱镁矿烟道灰尘来源获取膳食镁，摄入量为每千克体重500毫克。试验用烟道灰尘来自静电过滤器的灰尘分离物，含有以下主要元素：镁（88%）、钙（1.6%）、钾（0.36%）、钠（0.26%）、铁（1.89%）、锌（0.0026%）、铜（0.000294%）和微量的磷。每天评估动物的临床健康状况。在首次投喂烟道灰尘前、试验的第12天、30天和50天采集血液、尿液和粪便样本。测定血液中的红细胞计数、白细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度和血细胞比容值。测定血清中的酶活性（AST、ALT、GMT）、总胆红素、白蛋白、总蛋白和总免疫球蛋白浓度。通过珀金埃尔默仪器（型号306、1100）的原子吸收分光光度法测定血清、尿液、粪便和试验污染物中的镁、钙、磷、钾、钠、铁、铜和锌含量。大量腹泻是动物的主要临床症状，在首次摄入菱镁矿烟道灰尘后的24至48小时内个别动物出现。腹泻在所有小母牛中交替持续至试验的第50天。至于在污染物投喂期间血液学指标的分析参数（图1 - 4），与初始值相比，受调查动物在第12天血红蛋白和血细胞比容（P < 0.01）显著增加。在酶中，AST和ALT活性最容易显示出菱镁矿烟道灰尘的投喂情况（分别为r = 0.99和r = 0.92），图5和图6。试验期间菱镁矿污染物投喂与胆红素血症动态之间的相关关系表明，总蛋白的相关系数r = 0.53（图8），r = 0.36（图9），白蛋白的r = 0.75（图10），总免疫球蛋白的r = 0.93（图11）。与初始值相比，血清和粪便中的镁浓度从试验第12天起显著增加（P < 0.01 - 图13），尿液中的镁浓度从第30天起显著增加（P < 0.05）。（摘要截选至400字）
