Pan B J, Hong Y J, Chang G C, Wang M T, Cinkotai F F, Ko Y C
Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Public Health, and Occupational Health Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan, Republic of China.
J Toxicol Environ Health. 1994 Sep;43(1):117-29. doi: 10.1080/15287399409531908.
We have collected data on the cancer deaths of children and adolescents 0-19 yr old living in a residential area near 3 large petroleum and petrochemical complexes in and near Kaohsiung city (petrochemical industrial districts, PIDs) in the period of 1971-1990 and compared these with the cancer deaths of children and adolescents 0-19 yr old among the entire population of Taiwan (national reference) and among the residents of 26 administrative districts, comprising all of Kaohsiung city and Kaohsiung county (local reference), except for 8 sparsely populated, rural districts. Having scrutinized all cancer death certificates, we have identified various statistically significant excess deaths, as compared with the national and local reference, due to cancers at all sites. Cancer of the bone, brain, and bladder in boys and girls 0-9 yr and 10-19 yr of age in the 1981-1990 decade that followed the establishment of petrochemical production in the PIDs was studied. However, excess cancer deaths seemed to have clustered in the 10-19 yr age group, who had been potentially exposed to the petrochemical pollutants for the longest period of time from the youngest age. Almost all bone, brain, and bladder cancer deaths registered were within 3 km of the 3 complexes. Bone and brain cancers in particular occurred in girls in the PIDs more frequently than in boys, even though these are believed to occur more in males than females elsewhere.
我们收集了1971年至1990年期间居住在高雄市及其附近3个大型石油和石化综合体（石化工业区，PIDs）附近居民区的0至19岁儿童和青少年的癌症死亡数据，并将这些数据与台湾全体人口（全国参考）以及26个行政区（包括整个高雄市和高雄县，不包括8个人口稀少的农村地区）居民（本地参考）中0至19岁儿童和青少年的癌症死亡数据进行了比较。在仔细审查了所有癌症死亡证明后，我们发现与全国和本地参考相比，所有部位的癌症均存在各种具有统计学意义的超额死亡情况。我们研究了1981年至1990年这十年间，在PIDs建立石化生产之后，0至9岁和10至19岁的男孩和女孩中骨癌、脑癌和膀胱癌的情况。然而，超额癌症死亡似乎集中在10至19岁年龄组，他们从最年幼时起就可能接触石化污染物的时间最长。几乎所有登记的骨癌、脑癌和膀胱癌死亡病例都发生在这3个综合体方圆3公里范围内。特别是骨癌和脑癌在PIDs地区的女孩中比男孩更频繁发生，尽管据信在其他地方这些癌症在男性中比女性中更常见。
